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JAMA Netw Open:黑人和白人癌症患者COVID-19预后的种族差异

2022-04-26 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

在新冠肺炎疫情之前,有充分的描述表明黑人癌症患者与所有其他种族和民族相比死亡率最高。

背景:仅在美国(截至2021年7月16日),新冠肺炎疫情已导致约3300万例病例和超过604 000例新冠肺炎相关死亡病例。种族和少数民族群体,尤其是非西班牙裔黑人个体,承受着不成比例的新冠肺炎负担,与非西班牙裔白人个体相比,其感染率、住院率和死亡率更高。尽管黑人个体占美国人口的13%,但他们占新冠肺炎病例的20%和新冠肺炎相关死亡的23%。对新冠肺炎不同种族和民族负担的观察。

包括癌症在内的共病使患者患严重新冠肺炎病和死亡的风险增加。目前,关于癌症患者基线预后因素、病程和结果的种族差异的详细数据有限。在新冠肺炎疫情之前,有充分的描述表明黑人癌症患者与所有其他种族和民族相比死亡率最高。与癌症患者种族差异相关的因素很复杂,可能由社会经济地位、先前存在的共病情况、获得护理的机会和其他健康的社会决定因素(SDOH)相互作用而成。

长期以来,种族和少数民族群体经历了癌症健康差异,暴露于已知与癌症风险增加(如吸烟、肥胖和不健康饮食)相关的因素的负担不成比例地更高,筛查和癌症预防减少(因此,癌症检测延迟),接受癌症治疗或护理标准进步的机会更少。环境、遗传、生物、行为、临床、社会、心理和文化因素也可能起作用。

目的:研究黑人和非西班牙裔白人癌症和新冠肺炎患者在新冠肺炎表现严重程度、临床并发症和预后方面的种族差异。

设计、设置和参与者:这项回顾性队列研究使用了2020年3月17日至2020年11月18日新冠肺炎和癌症协会注册的数据,以检查黑人癌症患者新冠肺炎的临床特征和结果。数据分析从2020年12月至2021年2月进行。患者电子健康记录中记录的黑白人种暴露。

主要结果和测量内容:先验5级顺序量表,包括住院重症监护病房入院、机械通气和全因死亡。

结果:在纳入的3506名患者中(1768名女性[50%];中位[IQR]年龄67 [58-77]岁,1068 (30%)为黑人,2438 (70%)为白人。与白人患者相比,黑人患者有更高的先存共病率,包括肥胖(480名黑人患者[45%]对925名白人患者[38%])、糖尿病(411名黑人患者[38%]对574名白人患者[24%])和肾脏疾病(248名黑人患者[23%]对392名白人患者[16%])。尽管在新冠肺炎诊断时,癌症类型、癌症状态和抗癌治疗的分布相似,但黑人患者的病情更严重,且新冠肺炎严重程度明显更差(未加权优势比,1.34 [95% CI,1.15-1.58];加权优势比,1.21 [95% CI,1.11-1.33])。

表1 基线严重程度、结果、临床并发症和新冠肺炎诊断后接受干预的比率

表2 种族差异与新冠肺炎严重程度(主要结果)和30天全因死亡率(次要结果)相关性的未加权和加权分析

图 关键危险因素与新冠肺炎严重程度和30天全因死亡率的校正关联(按种族和民族分层)

结论和相关性:这些发现表明,与白人患者相比,黑人癌症患者的新冠肺炎预后更差。在结构性种族主义的因果框架内理解和解决种族不平等对于减少黑人患者中不成比例的疾病负担至关重要,如新冠肺炎和癌症。

 

原文出处: 

 Fu J,  Reid SA,  French B, et al.Racial Disparities in COVID-19 Outcomes Among Black and White Patients With Cancer.JAMA Netw Open 2022 03 01;5(3)

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    2022-08-08 feather89
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    2022-09-15 canlab
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    2022-04-25 肿瘤克星

    JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新

    0

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