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Gastroenterology:pick哪一个?克罗恩病患者碳水化合物饮食和地中海饮食的优劣比较

2021-08-23 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

对于大多数有轻度至中度症状的CD患者,地中海饮食可能更受欢迎

克罗恩病(CD)是一种炎性肠道疾病,可能影响肠胃道从口腔至肛门的任何部分。症状通常包含:腹痛、腹泻(如果发炎严重可能会呈血性)、发烧和体重减轻。其他合并症可能发生于肠胃道之外且包括:贫血、皮疹、关节炎、葡萄膜炎和倦怠。

目前美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)批准可用的CD疗法主要被用于治疗中度至重度活动性疾病患者,但对轻度至中度症状患者的最佳管理还不确定。许多患者希望有替代长期免疫抑制疗法的方法,如治疗性饮食。

一些研究发现,在食用符合传统地中海饮食(MD)的人群中,CD的风险较低,这种饮食富含新鲜水果、蔬菜、坚果、鱼和全谷物,并以橄榄油作为主要的脂肪来源。许多队列研究、随机对照试验和系统回顾也记录了这种饮食对减少炎症、血管疾病、癌症和死亡的功效。

SCD和MD饮食

其中,最常用的治疗性饮食之一是特定碳水化合物饮食(SCD)。小型研究提供了初步证据,表明使用SCD或改良的SCD可以改善症状并减少肠道炎症。为了更加全面的比较SCD和MD在治疗轻度至中度CD患者的有效性,来自美国宾夕法尼亚大学的专家开展了相关的临床研究,结果发表在近期《胃肠病学》Gastroenterology杂志上。

轻度至中度症状的CD成年患者被1:1随机分配到食用MD或SCD,为期12周。在最初的6周里,参与者根据他们指定的饮食接受准备好的膳食和零食。6周后,参与者被指导严格遵循要求饮食。主要结果是第6周的症状缓解。第6周的主要次要结果包括粪便卡路里保护素(FC)反应(FC<250μg/g,基线FC>250μg/g者减少>50%)和C反应蛋白(CRP)反应(高敏CRP<5mg/L,高敏CRP>5mg/L者比基线减少>50%)。

该研究随机抽取了194名患者,其中191名被纳入疗效分析。结果显示,遵循MD的患者在第6周达到症状缓解的参与者的百分比并不优于SCD(SCD,46.5%;MD,43.5%;P=0.77)。在第12周,40.4%的SCD患者达到临床缓解,46.7%的MD患者达到临床缓解,两组亦无统计学差异(P = .28)。

在SCD和MD组内,从第0周到第6周,sCDAI、CDAI、sIBDQ、疲劳、睡眠干扰、疼痛和社会隔离都有改善(所有结果P<0.02)。然而,SCD的变化幅度并不优于MD(所有P>.2)。在第6周,MD的平均体重变化百分比为-2.6%±3.3%,SCD为-2.6%±3.7%,两者没有差异(P=0.91)。

饮食疗法6周后的主要和次要结果。

此外,使用SCD的23名参与者中有8人(34.8%)达到了FC反应,使用MD的13名参与者中有4人(30.8%)达到了FC反应(P = .83)。使用SCD的37人中有2人(5.4%)达到CRP反应,使用MD的28人中有1人(3.6%)达到CRP反应,均不存在显著差异(P = .68)。

由此可见,在实现症状缓解、FC反应和CRP反应方面,SCD并不优于MD。CRP反应并不常见。鉴于这些结果,遵循MD更容易,以及与MD相关的其他健康益处,对于大多数有轻度至中度症状的CD患者,MD可能比SCD更受欢迎。

 

参考文献:

A Randomized Trial Comparing the Specific Carbohydrate Diet to a Mediterranean Diet in Adults With Crohn’s Disease. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2021.05.047

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    2022-01-07 许安
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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1906463, encodeId=9d8c190646309, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7795334e220' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#化合物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33472, encryptionId=7795334e220, topicName=化合物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=267e204, createdName=wangyang7958, createdTime=Thu Dec 23 07:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-12-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2073422, encodeId=956020e3422f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d4ee84647' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#GAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7846, encryptionId=9d4ee84647, topicName=GAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e2dd327, createdName=许安, createdTime=Fri Jan 07 11:17:04 CST 2022, time=2022-01-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2065425, encodeId=d1892065425df, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=94ffe853a7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7853, encryptionId=94ffe853a7, topicName=Gastroenterol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0bed488, createdName=jktdtl, createdTime=Mon Sep 06 15:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-09-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1025891, encodeId=798e102589151, content=地中海饮食是热点,被认为是最健康的饮食,而中国传统饮食一般被认为多半是不健康的,这是事实吗?其实需要更多严谨的科学证据,而不是猜测!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=健康达人, createdTime=Thu Aug 26 22:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-08-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1712903, encodeId=b7351e1290389, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9a1c289680' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2896, encryptionId=9a1c289680, topicName=AST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b9831894722, createdName=ms24272190615788285182, createdTime=Thu Jun 30 11:17:04 CST 2022, time=2022-06-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1011072, encodeId=180b10110e221, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fde528896bd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#克罗恩病#</a>患者碳水化合物饮食和<a href='/topic/show?id=76e7413322a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#地中海饮食#</a>,这个研究极有价值!!, 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createdName=yuanming9, createdTime=Wed Aug 25 13:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1505314, encodeId=ccb3150531405, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7730e85412' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterology#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7854, encryptionId=7730e85412, topicName=Gastroenterology)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5fc29706655, createdName=chaojitidian, createdTime=Wed Aug 25 13:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1575545, encodeId=ccd015e55459b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cd9941326bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#地中海#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=41326, encryptionId=cd9941326bc, topicName=地中海)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=303116130321, createdName=wgx311, createdTime=Wed Aug 25 13:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-08-26 健康达人

    地中海饮食是热点,被认为是最健康的饮食,而中国传统饮食一般被认为多半是不健康的,这是事实吗?其实需要更多严谨的科学证据,而不是猜测!

    1

    展开1条回复
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1906463, encodeId=9d8c190646309, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7795334e220' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#化合物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33472, encryptionId=7795334e220, topicName=化合物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=267e204, createdName=wangyang7958, createdTime=Thu Dec 23 07:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-12-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2073422, encodeId=956020e3422f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d4ee84647' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#GAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7846, encryptionId=9d4ee84647, topicName=GAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e2dd327, createdName=许安, createdTime=Fri Jan 07 11:17:04 CST 2022, time=2022-01-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2065425, encodeId=d1892065425df, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=94ffe853a7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7853, encryptionId=94ffe853a7, topicName=Gastroenterol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0bed488, createdName=jktdtl, createdTime=Mon Sep 06 15:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-09-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1025891, encodeId=798e102589151, content=地中海饮食是热点,被认为是最健康的饮食,而中国传统饮食一般被认为多半是不健康的,这是事实吗?其实需要更多严谨的科学证据,而不是猜测!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=健康达人, createdTime=Thu Aug 26 22:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-08-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1712903, encodeId=b7351e1290389, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9a1c289680' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2896, encryptionId=9a1c289680, topicName=AST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b9831894722, createdName=ms24272190615788285182, createdTime=Thu Jun 30 11:17:04 CST 2022, time=2022-06-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1011072, encodeId=180b10110e221, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fde528896bd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#克罗恩病#</a>患者碳水化合物饮食和<a href='/topic/show?id=76e7413322a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#地中海饮食#</a>,这个研究极有价值!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=192, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=28896, encryptionId=fde528896bd, topicName=克罗恩病), TopicDto(id=41332, encryptionId=76e7413322a, topicName=地中海饮食)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20211210/ede9c51184aa4f54ae6c1164cfb8eeac/967dbf3eff2943c7bf3ccfec3a776ab0.JPG, createdBy=a33789389, createdName=病毒猎手, createdTime=Tue Aug 24 18:13:18 CST 2021, time=2021-08-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1464398, encodeId=9afc1464398ef, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9b04641580e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#水化#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64158, encryptionId=9b04641580e, topicName=水化)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f1276671681, createdName=yuanming9, createdTime=Wed Aug 25 13:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1505314, encodeId=ccb3150531405, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7730e85412' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterology#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7854, encryptionId=7730e85412, topicName=Gastroenterology)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5fc29706655, createdName=chaojitidian, createdTime=Wed Aug 25 13:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1575545, encodeId=ccd015e55459b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cd9941326bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#地中海#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=41326, encryptionId=cd9941326bc, topicName=地中海)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=303116130321, createdName=wgx311, createdTime=Wed Aug 25 13:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1906463, encodeId=9d8c190646309, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7795334e220' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#化合物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=33472, encryptionId=7795334e220, topicName=化合物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=267e204, createdName=wangyang7958, createdTime=Thu Dec 23 07:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-12-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2073422, encodeId=956020e3422f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d4ee84647' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#GAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7846, encryptionId=9d4ee84647, topicName=GAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e2dd327, createdName=许安, createdTime=Fri Jan 07 11:17:04 CST 2022, time=2022-01-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2065425, encodeId=d1892065425df, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=94ffe853a7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7853, encryptionId=94ffe853a7, topicName=Gastroenterol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0bed488, createdName=jktdtl, createdTime=Mon Sep 06 15:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-09-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1025891, encodeId=798e102589151, content=地中海饮食是热点,被认为是最健康的饮食,而中国传统饮食一般被认为多半是不健康的,这是事实吗?其实需要更多严谨的科学证据,而不是猜测!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=健康达人, createdTime=Thu Aug 26 22:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-08-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1712903, encodeId=b7351e1290389, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9a1c289680' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AST#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2896, encryptionId=9a1c289680, topicName=AST)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b9831894722, createdName=ms24272190615788285182, createdTime=Thu Jun 30 11:17:04 CST 2022, time=2022-06-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1011072, encodeId=180b10110e221, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fde528896bd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#克罗恩病#</a>患者碳水化合物饮食和<a href='/topic/show?id=76e7413322a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#地中海饮食#</a>,这个研究极有价值!!, 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createdName=yuanming9, createdTime=Wed Aug 25 13:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1505314, encodeId=ccb3150531405, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7730e85412' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterology#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7854, encryptionId=7730e85412, topicName=Gastroenterology)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5fc29706655, createdName=chaojitidian, createdTime=Wed Aug 25 13:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1575545, encodeId=ccd015e55459b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cd9941326bc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#地中海#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=41326, encryptionId=cd9941326bc, topicName=地中海)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=303116130321, createdName=wgx311, createdTime=Wed Aug 25 13:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-08-24 病毒猎手

    #克罗恩病#患者碳水化合物饮食和#地中海饮食#,这个研究极有价值!!

    1

    展开1条回复
  7. 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createdName=许安, createdTime=Fri Jan 07 11:17:04 CST 2022, time=2022-01-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2065425, encodeId=d1892065425df, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=94ffe853a7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Gastroenterol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7853, encryptionId=94ffe853a7, topicName=Gastroenterol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0bed488, createdName=jktdtl, createdTime=Mon Sep 06 15:17:04 CST 2021, time=2021-09-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1025891, encodeId=798e102589151, content=地中海饮食是热点,被认为是最健康的饮食,而中国传统饮食一般被认为多半是不健康的,这是事实吗?其实需要更多严谨的科学证据,而不是猜测!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=1, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, 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    2021-08-25 wgx311

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