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Nature Biomedical Engineering:每月5秒钟,新型皮肤贴片提供长效避孕

2019-01-17 佚名 中国生物技术网

对于有性生活的女性来说,避孕措施是非常必要的,但用于避孕的手段很有限。屏障方法的接受度低,而且会因使用不当而导致意外怀孕;比较流行的是口服避孕药,但也只能在短期内有效。因此,越来越多的女性开始寻求长效的避孕手段。现有的长效避孕药具有高水平的有效性,但通常需要医疗保健专业人员操作注射药物或植入物。近日,美国乔治亚理工学院的研究人员开发出一种新技术,可以让女性在几秒钟内“自行操作”长效避孕药。该技术通

对于有性生活的女性来说,避孕措施是非常必要的,但用于避孕的手段很有限。屏障方法的接受度低,而且会因使用不当而导致意外怀孕;比较流行的是口服避孕药,但也只能在短期内有效。因此,越来越多的女性开始寻求长效的避孕手段。现有的长效避孕药具有高水平的有效性,但通常需要医疗保健专业人员操作注射药物或植入物。近日,美国乔治亚理工学院的研究人员开发出一种新技术,可以让女性在几秒钟内“自行操作”长效避孕药。该技术通过带有微针的皮肤贴片输送避孕药物左炔诺孕酮。该研究近日已发表在《Nature Biomedical Engineering》上。

研究通讯作者、化学与生物分子工程学院Mark Prausnitz教授说:“人们很有兴趣为长效避孕药提供更多选择。我们的目标是让女性能够通过自己操作微针贴片实现长效的避孕,每个月只需要花费5秒钟。”

皮肤贴片的开发及其工作原理

在这种避孕方法中,研究第一作者、博士后研究人员Wei Li及其同事使用的是微针皮肤贴片技术,这是科学家们已经开发用于接种疫苗的技术。这种贴片含有药物的显微针头,在使用贴片几秒钟后就会脱落,并保留在皮肤下面释放药物。研究人员将微小的气泡模塑到针的顶端,使其能够破裂。经过改进的微针强度足以进入皮下,但当微针将贴片移到一边时,微针的强度却不足以让皮肤受损。当微针进入皮下会释放激素左炔诺孕酮,扰乱女性的月经周期。事实上这些微针由可生物降解的聚合物组成,有助于激素的释放。具体而言,他们利用生物降解聚合物聚乳酸和聚乳酸-共-乙醇酸设计出这些微针贴片。研究人员解释说,这些酸天然存在于体内,医生通常在可吸收的手术缝合线中使用这些聚合物。

合作研究人员Steven Schwendeman教授是密歇根大学制药科学系的负责人,他解释了聚合物的选择过程:“我们选择高分子材料来满足特定的设计目标,比如微针强度、生物相容性、生物降解性、药物释放时间和配方稳定性。然后我们的团队通过将聚合物和药物溶解在有机溶剂中,将聚合物加工成微针,模塑形状,然后干燥溶剂以制造微针。当以这种方式形成时,聚合物基质可以在放入体内时缓慢而安全地释放避孕激素数周或数月。”

每月一次

研究人员在大鼠中成功测试了该贴片,这意味着他们通过皮肤贴剂传递给啮齿动物的左炔诺孕酮浓度保持在已知人体避孕作用的阈值之上。然而,科学家们意识到将这些发现转化到人体是存在挑战的。Prausnitz教授说:“我们还不知道避孕微针贴片在人体中发挥的作用。因为这些微针极小,就像它们的名字一样,因此可以装载到微针贴片中的药量是受限的。”然而,研究人员补充说,虽然科学家还没有对其进行测试,但是已经有了能提供推荐剂量药物的贴片。

Prausnitz教授说:“因为我们使用的是一种被广泛认可的避孕激素,所以我们乐观地认为这种贴剂将成为一种有效的避孕手段。我们期望将它对皮肤的刺激降到最低,但是这些预期需要在临床试验中得到验证。”

如果微针避孕贴最终被批准使用,那么它可能成为第一种不含常规针头注射的自我施用的长效避孕手段。

原始出处:

Wei Li,et al.Rapidly separable microneedle patch for the sustained release of a contraceptive.Nature Biomedical Engineering.14 January 2019

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    2019-05-31 liye789132251
  4. 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time=2019-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1785414, encodeId=d3d51e85414c9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=db0e6e8835' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#engineering#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6788, encryptionId=db0e6e8835, topicName=engineering)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f7482500171, createdName=ms4468361851264128, createdTime=Sun Oct 20 05:38:00 CST 2019, time=2019-10-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1785356, encodeId=40721e8535638, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0a9c6e87ef' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Engin#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6787, encryptionId=0a9c6e87ef, topicName=Engin)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, 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href='/topic/show?id=7583114e529' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Medical#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11475, encryptionId=7583114e529, topicName=Medical)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cbe912466517, createdName=海豹, createdTime=Sat Jan 19 05:38:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1609493, encodeId=4fdd160949389, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sat Jan 19 05:38:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-11-27 sunylz
  6. 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href='/topic/show?id=7583114e529' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Medical#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11475, encryptionId=7583114e529, topicName=Medical)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cbe912466517, createdName=海豹, createdTime=Sat Jan 19 05:38:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1609493, encodeId=4fdd160949389, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sat Jan 19 05:38:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-04-09 jeanqiuqiu
  7. 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time=2019-01-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-06-08 spoonycyy
  8. 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    2019-01-19 海豹
  9. 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