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Nature:熬夜复习记不住?别吃夜宵记忆力更好

2020-12-16 生物探索 生物探索

研究发现,获得食物的难易程度决定了记忆巩固过程中对睡眠的需求大小。

虽然睡眠占据了大多数人1/4至1/3的生命,但是我们对这一生命过程仍然知之甚少。人们普遍认为,在记忆巩固过程中需要睡眠的帮助。但是,当我们需要熬夜复习或工作时,缺乏睡眠一定会影响记忆效率吗?

2020年12月2日,《Nature》杂志在线发表了美国宾夕法尼亚大学Amita Sehgal及其研究组名为“Availability of food determines the need for sleep in memoryconsolidation”的最新研究。该研究发现,获得食物的难易程度决定了记忆巩固过程中对睡眠的需求大小。

研究人员使用果蝇测试睡眠是否与食欲记忆的形成有关。他们按照嗅觉条件反射模式训练饥饿的果蝇,然后在琼脂管或蔗糖管中对其睡眠情况进行评估。研究表明,训练后饱食的果蝇需要睡眠来巩固记忆,而饥饿果蝇的记忆力并未受到睡眠剥夺的影响。

进一步的研究发现,饱食果蝇的记忆是由蘑菇体的前后α'/β'神经元介导的,而饥饿时记忆的形成则是由内侧α'/β'神经元介导的。也就是说,睡眠依赖性和睡眠非依赖性记忆受控于不同的多巴胺能神经元。

不同的α'/β'神经元介导睡眠依赖性和睡眠依赖性记忆

但是,睡眠和记忆是耦合的,因此睡眠依赖性记忆所需的蘑菇体神经元也可以促进睡眠。将果蝇体内饥饿信号神经肽F(NPF)敲除后,它们在饥饿情况下也会表现出与睡眠依赖性记忆,这表明记忆通路的选择是由饥饿决定的。

睡眠依赖性记忆

总而言之,本研究发现果蝇在饱食状态下需要睡眠来形成记忆。 研究人员推测进食会导致分解代谢废物的积聚,从而增加能量需求、引发对睡眠和睡眠依赖性记忆的需求。同时,睡眠依赖性记忆在训练后也会促进睡眠,从而使睡眠与记忆耦合。但是为了在食物匮乏的环境中生存,果蝇已经发展了新的记忆机制,而又不减少觅食的活动。因此,形成睡眠非依赖的记忆巩固机制可能会带来进化上的优势。

原始出处:

Chouhan, N.S., Griffith, L.C., Haynes, P. et al. Availability of food determines the need for sleep in memory consolidation. Nature (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2997-y.

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    2021-06-16 liye789132251
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1884844, encodeId=5b6518848447c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Jun 16 12:23:13 CST 2021, time=2021-06-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=910615, encodeId=ee04910615bd, content=怪不得每次考试前的那一夜永远记住的最多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=17555444475, createdName=Quinnrango, createdTime=Thu Dec 24 12:54:44 CST 2020, time=2020-12-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908860, encodeId=0c3690886033, content=熬夜,还要饿着熬夜, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=154, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d5ac5213414, createdName=14764f77m84暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Dec 17 14:06:39 CST 2020, time=2020-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908561, encodeId=92679085614a, content=我的记忆力就很差,还遗传给了我儿子, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=125, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=6cc15444976, createdName=ms5000000400991715, createdTime=Wed Dec 16 14:39:36 CST 2020, time=2020-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-12-24 Quinnrango

    怪不得每次考试前的那一夜永远记住的最多

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1884844, encodeId=5b6518848447c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Wed Jun 16 12:23:13 CST 2021, time=2021-06-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=910615, encodeId=ee04910615bd, content=怪不得每次考试前的那一夜永远记住的最多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=119, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=17555444475, createdName=Quinnrango, createdTime=Thu Dec 24 12:54:44 CST 2020, time=2020-12-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908860, encodeId=0c3690886033, content=熬夜,还要饿着熬夜, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=154, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d5ac5213414, createdName=14764f77m84暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Dec 17 14:06:39 CST 2020, time=2020-12-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=908561, encodeId=92679085614a, content=我的记忆力就很差,还遗传给了我儿子, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=125, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=6cc15444976, createdName=ms5000000400991715, createdTime=Wed Dec 16 14:39:36 CST 2020, time=2020-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-12-17 14764f77m84暂无昵称

    熬夜,还要饿着熬夜

    0

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    2020-12-16 ms5000000400991715

    我的记忆力就很差,还遗传给了我儿子

    0

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