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世界首批体细胞克隆疾病模型猴在中国诞生

2019-01-24 王琳琳、董瑞丰 新华社

新华社上海1月24日消息,1月24日,5只生物钟紊乱体细胞克隆猴登上中国综合英文期刊《国家科学评论》封面,标志着中国体细胞克隆技术走向成熟,实验用疾病模型猴批量克隆“照进现实”,全球实验动物使用数量有望大幅降低,药物研发驶入“快车道”。“10年攻关+10亿美元投入”几乎是目前新药出炉的“标配”,然而,即便投入如此之巨,失败概率仍超90%。科学界认为,根本原因在于缺乏遗传背景一致的实验用疾病模型猴。

新华社上海1月24日消息,1月24日,5只生物钟紊乱体细胞克隆猴登上中国综合英文期刊《国家科学评论》封面,标志着中国体细胞克隆技术走向成熟,实验用疾病模型猴批量克隆“照进现实”,全球实验动物使用数量有望大幅降低,药物研发驶入“快车道”。

“10年攻关+10亿美元投入”几乎是目前新药出炉的“标配”,然而,即便投入如此之巨,失败概率仍超90%。科学界认为,根本原因在于缺乏遗传背景一致的实验用疾病模型猴。

猕猴是国际上常用的一种实验动物。2017年,“中中”“华华”的成功克隆解决了让野生猕猴遗传背景一致的问题,却未能解决疾病模型猴的构建难题。这一次,在严格遵循科研伦理的前提下,中科院神经科学研究所张洪钧、孙强、刘真团队首次通过敲除“关键基因”的方法,获得5只生物钟紊乱严重程度不同的疾病猴,而后,他们从中选取了一只紊乱特征最为明显的猕猴作为克隆“原型”,通过采集其体细胞的细胞核,最终获得5只克隆疾病猴。目前年龄最大的已超半岁,年龄最小的也已超过3个月。至此,疾病模型猴的构建难题被攻克。

业内专家认为,“中中”“华华”的细胞核来自雌性胎猴,而此次5只克隆猴的细胞核来自雄性青年疾病猴,操作要求更高、实现难度更大,这表明中国体细胞克隆技术走向成熟。

目前,每年全球药物研发会使用大量实验动物进行药物安全性和代谢检测,还会招募众多临床试验人群做药效评估。随着疾病模型猴批量克隆技术不断成熟完善,未来全球实验动物的使用数量有望大幅降低,临床试验人群服用无效药物的比例也将大大降低。

中科院神经科学研究所所长蒲慕明院士表示,下一步团队将继续优化“基因修饰+体细胞克隆技术”,研制患有各类脑疾病的克隆猴模型,在基础研究方面用于绘制“全脑神经联接图谱”,在转化应用方面用于研发更有效的脑疾病治疗手段,进一步提升药物研发效率。

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    2019-07-25 aids221
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    2019-01-24 CHANGE

    梅斯里提供了很多疾病的模型计算公式,赞一个!

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