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12岁女孩输液死亡,这类患者你也敢随便输液?

2017-09-12 张先生 药品之声

据安徽经济生活频道报道:8月26日,12岁女孩季杰,因咽痛、流鼻涕、胸痛、发热(37.2℃),在母亲的陪同下,到当地卫生院就诊。经详细问诊后,诊断为“上感”,给予输液治疗。治疗结束后,在回家的路上,孩子突然晕倒在地,眼睛上翻,口唇乌青,口吐白沫。最后抢救无效死亡。

据安徽经济生活频道报道:8月26日,12岁女孩季杰,因咽痛、流鼻涕、胸痛、发热(37.2℃),在母亲的陪同下,到当地卫生院就诊。经详细问诊后,诊断为“上感”,给予输液治疗。治疗结束后,在回家的路上,孩子突然晕倒在地,眼睛上翻,口唇乌青,口吐白沫。最后抢救无效死亡。




患儿有癫痫病史6年,医生在诊断处也注明了患者有癫痫病史。然而,最后很可能还是因为这个癫痫病史,让孩子送了命!目前,当地卫生部门已介入调查,真正的死因是什么,是否与用药有关,都有待确认。

一、“上感”常用药及禁忌症

急性上呼吸道感染,是临床常见病,多由鼻病毒、冠状病毒、流感病毒、副流感病毒、腺病毒所致,病程多为自限性,一般只需对症治疗。

临床常用的药物有:对乙酰氨基酚,布洛芬,扑尔敏,右美沙芬;常被滥用的药物有:利巴韦林,地塞米松,中药注射剂,抗菌药物。

在上述药物中,存在“癫痫”禁忌症的抗感冒药有:扑尔敏——癫痫患者禁用;右美沙芬——有精神病史者禁用。

二、地塞米松可引起癫痫发作

癫痫患者慎用糖皮质激素类药物。一是因为,糖皮质激素可降低大脑的电兴奋阈,促使癫痫样发作;二是因为,糖皮质激素可使血糖增高,高血糖可刺激脑部运动神经元引起灶性刺激性症状。

例:肌注地塞米松+利巴韦林诱发癫痫

患者,女,34岁,有癫痫病史。因眼睑红肿,刺痛,伟光,伴结膜充血,诊断为病毒性结膜炎。药用地塞米松4mg,利巴韦林200mg,肌肉注射。肌注过程中,猝然晕倒,继而不省人事,口唇紫绀,口吐白沫,牙关紧闭。

给予肾上腺素不能缓解,给予安定等药物后,患者逐渐恢复。

特别提醒:

单独应用地塞米松可引起癫痫发作;癫痫发作与过敏性休克相似,应注意鉴别。

三、炎琥宁注射液可引起癫痫发作

炎琥宁注射液是以中药穿心莲提取物穿心莲内酯经酯化、脱水、成盐而制成的脱水穿心莲内酯琥珀酸半酯钾钠盐溶液。炎琥宁注射液,既可引起过敏性休克,可致溶血性贫血,也有引起癫痫发作的个案报道。

例:注射炎琥宁+利巴韦林引起癫痫发作

患者,男,37岁,因流清涕、咽痛、咳嗽、发热,诊断为急性上呼吸道感染。药用复方氨基比林注射液、利巴韦林、炎琥宁注射液。当静脉点滴炎琥宁注射液约15分钟时,患者突然出现精神恍惚,四处走动,口中念念有词,经医生劝告回到输液室就座,但5分钟后突然跌倒在地,口吐白沫,四肢抽搐,呼之不应。

注射硝西泮、苯巴比妥钠后,患者逐渐恢复。第二天,减量使用炎琥宁注射液,患者又出现癫痫样发作。

四、可诱发癫痫的β-内酰胺类抗生素

β-内酰胺类抗生素诱发癫痫发作的机理尚不完全清楚,主要与抗菌药物透过血脑屏障,抑制GABA受体的功能,致使神经元的兴奋性增强,导致惊厥发生有关。

国内报道的可诱发癫痫的β-内酰胺类抗生素有:青霉素、阿莫西林舒巴坦、头孢哌酮舒巴坦、头孢他啶、头孢呋辛、头孢曲松、头孢替安、头孢吡肟、头孢噻肟、头孢唑林、亚胺培南等。

β-内酰胺类抗生素引起的抗生素脑病主要特点:患者用药后,突然出现精神错乱、语言障碍、肌阵挛、痫性发作等。癫痫发作,以中等发作最多见,大发作常见于老年患者,且死亡率高。

结语

癫痫发作可致命,

癫痫患者禁用右美沙芬和扑尔敏;

上感滥用药物危害大,

慎用地塞米松和中药注射剂;

头孢过敏休克和癫痫难区分,

抢救时一定要选对药。

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=244591, encodeId=4bca2445910a, content=学习了.但是很多抗生素不得不用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLBzoPY0a1ZQrECBF90v8AkFiaxRlNpGj1mLzD1B7ibnyBjmDEjiauBSDpOw6w4tI7YxmjdWaIW0SXL4/0, createdBy=35951605658, createdName=等你一年又一年, createdTime=Sat Sep 16 09:58:00 CST 2017, time=2017-09-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243356, encodeId=87b924335634, content=每天学习一点, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/wTPEmeh1VLGa54PRuiaGX8E3QqB8qLLytvK7BYGA0cVIZPeOpOOTEjpIJOVLrGnoBEmWicKw3xojHhkdR2QHW3mg/0, createdBy=65d42140522, createdName=183****1900, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 23:06:26 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243334, encodeId=e2312433343d, content=好东西学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=92191944782, createdName=thlabcde, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 21:46:38 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243308, encodeId=c84c24330835, content=不错的.学习了.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NdqKgfW3nMpOkC3jXxiaW2po0PtglY5ZuVjERqKADW4HyMI8bcZXWlKgH7tEP9ULBoBzuQMibia4pr1s9rQPqLvqQJ/0, createdBy=e8c02060444, createdName=中医痴, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 19:46:33 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243248, encodeId=140e243248db, content=很好.学习了.很有帮助., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 16:58:54 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-09-16 等你一年又一年

    学习了.但是很多抗生素不得不用

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=244591, encodeId=4bca2445910a, content=学习了.但是很多抗生素不得不用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLBzoPY0a1ZQrECBF90v8AkFiaxRlNpGj1mLzD1B7ibnyBjmDEjiauBSDpOw6w4tI7YxmjdWaIW0SXL4/0, createdBy=35951605658, createdName=等你一年又一年, createdTime=Sat Sep 16 09:58:00 CST 2017, time=2017-09-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243356, encodeId=87b924335634, content=每天学习一点, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/wTPEmeh1VLGa54PRuiaGX8E3QqB8qLLytvK7BYGA0cVIZPeOpOOTEjpIJOVLrGnoBEmWicKw3xojHhkdR2QHW3mg/0, createdBy=65d42140522, createdName=183****1900, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 23:06:26 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243334, encodeId=e2312433343d, content=好东西学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=92191944782, createdName=thlabcde, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 21:46:38 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243308, encodeId=c84c24330835, content=不错的.学习了.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NdqKgfW3nMpOkC3jXxiaW2po0PtglY5ZuVjERqKADW4HyMI8bcZXWlKgH7tEP9ULBoBzuQMibia4pr1s9rQPqLvqQJ/0, createdBy=e8c02060444, createdName=中医痴, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 19:46:33 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243248, encodeId=140e243248db, content=很好.学习了.很有帮助., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 16:58:54 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-09-12 183****1900

    每天学习一点

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=244591, encodeId=4bca2445910a, content=学习了.但是很多抗生素不得不用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLBzoPY0a1ZQrECBF90v8AkFiaxRlNpGj1mLzD1B7ibnyBjmDEjiauBSDpOw6w4tI7YxmjdWaIW0SXL4/0, createdBy=35951605658, createdName=等你一年又一年, createdTime=Sat Sep 16 09:58:00 CST 2017, time=2017-09-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243356, encodeId=87b924335634, content=每天学习一点, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/wTPEmeh1VLGa54PRuiaGX8E3QqB8qLLytvK7BYGA0cVIZPeOpOOTEjpIJOVLrGnoBEmWicKw3xojHhkdR2QHW3mg/0, createdBy=65d42140522, createdName=183****1900, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 23:06:26 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243334, encodeId=e2312433343d, content=好东西学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=92191944782, createdName=thlabcde, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 21:46:38 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243308, encodeId=c84c24330835, content=不错的.学习了.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NdqKgfW3nMpOkC3jXxiaW2po0PtglY5ZuVjERqKADW4HyMI8bcZXWlKgH7tEP9ULBoBzuQMibia4pr1s9rQPqLvqQJ/0, createdBy=e8c02060444, createdName=中医痴, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 19:46:33 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243248, encodeId=140e243248db, content=很好.学习了.很有帮助., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 16:58:54 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-09-12 thlabcde

    好东西学习了!

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=244591, encodeId=4bca2445910a, content=学习了.但是很多抗生素不得不用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLBzoPY0a1ZQrECBF90v8AkFiaxRlNpGj1mLzD1B7ibnyBjmDEjiauBSDpOw6w4tI7YxmjdWaIW0SXL4/0, createdBy=35951605658, createdName=等你一年又一年, createdTime=Sat Sep 16 09:58:00 CST 2017, time=2017-09-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243356, encodeId=87b924335634, content=每天学习一点, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/wTPEmeh1VLGa54PRuiaGX8E3QqB8qLLytvK7BYGA0cVIZPeOpOOTEjpIJOVLrGnoBEmWicKw3xojHhkdR2QHW3mg/0, createdBy=65d42140522, createdName=183****1900, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 23:06:26 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243334, encodeId=e2312433343d, content=好东西学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=92191944782, createdName=thlabcde, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 21:46:38 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243308, encodeId=c84c24330835, content=不错的.学习了.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NdqKgfW3nMpOkC3jXxiaW2po0PtglY5ZuVjERqKADW4HyMI8bcZXWlKgH7tEP9ULBoBzuQMibia4pr1s9rQPqLvqQJ/0, createdBy=e8c02060444, createdName=中医痴, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 19:46:33 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243248, encodeId=140e243248db, content=很好.学习了.很有帮助., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 16:58:54 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-09-12 中医痴

    不错的.学习了.谢谢分享!

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=244591, encodeId=4bca2445910a, content=学习了.但是很多抗生素不得不用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zSn0GqHrsfLBzoPY0a1ZQrECBF90v8AkFiaxRlNpGj1mLzD1B7ibnyBjmDEjiauBSDpOw6w4tI7YxmjdWaIW0SXL4/0, createdBy=35951605658, createdName=等你一年又一年, createdTime=Sat Sep 16 09:58:00 CST 2017, time=2017-09-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243356, encodeId=87b924335634, content=每天学习一点, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/wTPEmeh1VLGa54PRuiaGX8E3QqB8qLLytvK7BYGA0cVIZPeOpOOTEjpIJOVLrGnoBEmWicKw3xojHhkdR2QHW3mg/0, createdBy=65d42140522, createdName=183****1900, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 23:06:26 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243334, encodeId=e2312433343d, content=好东西学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=92191944782, createdName=thlabcde, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 21:46:38 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243308, encodeId=c84c24330835, content=不错的.学习了.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NdqKgfW3nMpOkC3jXxiaW2po0PtglY5ZuVjERqKADW4HyMI8bcZXWlKgH7tEP9ULBoBzuQMibia4pr1s9rQPqLvqQJ/0, createdBy=e8c02060444, createdName=中医痴, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 19:46:33 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=243248, encodeId=140e243248db, content=很好.学习了.很有帮助., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Tue Sep 12 16:58:54 CST 2017, time=2017-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-09-12 李东泽

    很好.学习了.很有帮助.

    0

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