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家庭医生“签而难约” 1人签约千名住户

2018-03-30 字强 新华每日电讯

“到2020年,各地要力争实现让每个家庭拥有一名合格的签约医生,每个居民有一份电子化的健康档案。”这是我国卫生工作的既定目标之一。记者调查发现,家庭医生签约服务推行过程中,百姓看病难在一定程度上得到了缓解,但基层出现了“接不住”“落地难”的窘境,存在“签而不约”“签而难约”问题。作为落实分级诊疗制度的政策安排,家庭医生签约服务托底基层医疗面临医生不足、资源短缺等困难。方便省心,家庭医生签约服务缓解

“到2020年,各地要力争实现让每个家庭拥有一名合格的签约医生,每个居民有一份电子化的健康档案。”这是我国卫生工作的既定目标之一。记者调查发现,家庭医生签约服务推行过程中,百姓看病难在一定程度上得到了缓解,但基层出现了“接不住”“落地难”的窘境,存在“签而不约”“签而难约”问题。

作为落实分级诊疗制度的政策安排,家庭医生签约服务托底基层医疗面临医生不足、资源短缺等困难。

方便省心,家庭医生签约服务缓解看病难

今年53岁的云南昆明市武成社区居民刘云燕是一位中医迷,她2016年就开始与武成社区服务站签订家庭医生服务协议,定期到社区服务站接受中医诊疗。平时有个感冒发烧等小病,或者需要转到大医院住院,她都会找家庭医生帮助解决。

像刘云燕一样,越来越多的居民有了“家庭医生”。据统计,截至2017年底,云南省家庭医生签约率达43.34%,重点人群签约率达71.32%。

我国现阶段的家庭医生签约,是一种基层特有的医疗服务项目,其基本医疗服务涵盖常见病、多发病的中西医诊治、合理用药、就医路径指导和转诊预约等。服务主体包括:基层医疗卫生机构注册全科医生(含助理全科医生和中医类别全科医生),以及具备资质的乡镇卫生院医师和乡村医生等。

“家庭医生并不是直接上门提供医疗服务的私人医生,但只要签约,我们都会定期深入村民家中,调查了解村民需求,明确服务内容及标准,为他们提供个性化、针对性的医疗服务。”今年38岁的杨莲英已在云南省屏边县新华乡河南村干了10年乡村医生。她承担着河南村2000多名常住村民的基本公共卫生服务。

去年以来,她给全村居民都建立了电子健康档案,挨家挨户推广家庭医生签约服务。目前全村一半以上村民都签了协议,其中800多名建档立卡贫困人口实现全覆盖,杨莲英会定期给签约村民做免费体检,还提供咨询、转诊服务。

“签而难约”,家庭医生签约服务落地难

“推广家庭医生是许多国家的通行做法和成功经验。”西北大学副教授翟绍果说,我国实施家庭医生签约服务是转变医疗卫生服务模式、落实分级诊疗制度的重要政策安排。

然而,记者调查发现,尽管家庭医生签约服务覆盖面越来越广,但在实际工作中,家庭医生“签而难约”“一人签约近千名社区住户,签完之后再无联系”的情况依然存在,一些城乡居民对家庭医生政策知晓度低,一些已经签约的城乡居民不知道该怎么用好家庭医生。

记者走访基层发现,一定数量的居民与社区服务站或村卫生室签订过家庭医生协议,但仅仅只是签约,难以实际享受服务。群众反映:“有的时候找不到签约家庭医生,咨询求助得不到回复。”

较高的签约率是怎么来的?记者了解到,基层医疗机构全科医生一般都会在患者前来看病时,引导患者签订家庭医生服务协议,而很多患者对签约内容和服务条款并不熟悉。

“为了完成考核任务,我们得挨家挨户与全村的居民签订协议。”昆明市五华区一位全科医生告诉记者,自己承担着全村1000多名村民的基本公共卫生任务,要与每一个家庭签订协议,任务非常重。

“平时主要是坐诊,没有精力入户调查、服务,除非是‘空巢老人’或行动不便并有需求的老年人,我们会定期随访。”这名医生说,签约村民都有健康档案,但也有不少“僵尸档案”,有的档案基本信息不全,甚至只有一个名字。

强基层、补短板,促进家庭医生“签而有约”

“家庭医生签约服务落地难反映了基层医疗服务能力薄弱的现状,政策设计不完善,全科医生不足,优质医疗资源短缺等诸多短板亟待补齐。”中国社会科学院公共政策研究中心主任朱恒鹏说,目前我国社区、乡村医生的配比是不够的,基层医生整体服务能力不强,部分地区医疗卫生设施落后。

朱恒鹏认为,应该加大全科医学生培养力度,给家庭医生就业一定政策优惠,鼓励全科医学生、公立医院专科医师等更多医务工作者加入签约行列;重点完善家庭医生签约服务工作机制和考核激励机制,实施绩效工资、职称晋升改革,提高医生签约服务积极性;以互联网技术为支撑,加强信息体系建设,实现医疗数据资源共享与远程医疗服务。

针对“签而不约”“僵尸档案”问题,专家建议,可开发统一的家庭医生签约服务信息综合管理平台,利用大数据分析技术,搭建医生和签约居民之间的互信关系,双方可以通过平台方便快捷地查询、评价、沟通。

“长期而言,需要完善政策部署和相关立法。”翟绍果说,家庭医生走进基层、留在基层关键需要赋予其与工作内容、要求、目标相匹配的治疗权、费用控制权等,明确家庭医生在医疗体系中的作用和地位,激励家庭医生充分发挥自我价值。

朱恒鹏说,还可借鉴国外经验,逐步放开家庭医生签约服务市场,充分利用社会力量,鼓励企业参与基层医疗事业。

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    2018-04-01 海之蓝

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    2018-04-01 yuanming8
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    2018-03-30 1e17414fm02(暂无匿称)

    学习

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=301797, encodeId=70b8301e9734, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJpBl6xwMmnsKibwxcAIltOH3nnCEQbNE6TDbYtCKe8hYI0oJrbduNqnJraM1PyyjPKU1suAzicYPaA/132, createdBy=eeaf2031798, createdName=海之蓝, createdTime=Sun Apr 01 20:21:17 CST 2018, time=2018-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1422244, encodeId=c14a142224456, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cb40e59604f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#签约#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=75960, encryptionId=cb40e59604f, topicName=签约)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=24b63689109, createdName=yuanming8, createdTime=Sun Apr 01 03:57:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1449103, encodeId=ae60144910330, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4f2c463698e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#家庭医生#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=46369, encryptionId=4f2c463698e, topicName=家庭医生)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cc475462058, createdName=yilong5287544, createdTime=Sun Apr 01 03:57:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=301203, encodeId=bed4301203e3, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfDEeydJz0GlP8O0ngrUX6AYCXFic0XDOOAyeQicIqnOd4TrWSwiagJrsFNYuWC1Uc6iavbS1hWt9xtZAhAqLGHqZyl/0, createdBy=42891977006, createdName=1e17414fm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Mar 30 13:51:11 CST 2018, time=2018-03-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=301197, encodeId=1dfe30119ee0, content=基层医疗面临医生不足.资源短缺等困难, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJUlbw1Mf1vppicGcaWPx1YUOgLgKccao77Rykbx3jiazqzwcyXMdzRIZkhFyBPqknibeuOGhXI1VzVg/0, createdBy=7f162154630, createdName=沙漠浪人, createdTime=Fri Mar 30 13:16:45 CST 2018, time=2018-03-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-03-30 沙漠浪人

    基层医疗面临医生不足.资源短缺等困难

    0

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