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Crit Care:重症患者:美罗培南的给药剂量多少才合适?

2017-12-26 徐晓涵 环球医学

2017年发表于《Crit Care》上的一项前瞻性、观察性研究,考察了重症患者标准剂量美罗培南给药后,肾功能在目标非达标的风险评估中的作用。

2017年发表于《Crit Care》上的一项前瞻性、观察性研究,考察了重症患者标准剂量美罗培南给药后,肾功能在目标非达标的风险评估中的作用。

背景:高患病率和死亡率的严重细菌感染是重症监护的重要挑战。充分的抗生素暴露与重症患者临床成功相关。本研究的目的是调查在不同危重人群中标准美罗培南剂量的达标率,以量化全肾功能谱对美罗培南目标治疗实现的影响,并最终将这些结果转化为实际应用的工具。

方法:在接受标准剂量的美罗培南的严重感染的重症患者中进行了一项前瞻性、观察性、单中心研究。获取了4天的血液样本确定美罗培南血清浓度。肾功能通过Cockcroft和Gault方程(CLCRcg)计算的肌酐清除率进行评估。美罗培南血清浓度的差异在每次监测的给药间隔的中间和末期进行定量。两个药物代谢动力学/药效学的达标目标(100%T>MIC,50%T>4×MIC)为2mg/L和8mg/L和标准美罗培南给药(1000mg,输注30分钟,每8小时)的评估。此外,研究者评估了CLCRcg对美罗培南浓度和目标达标的影响,并开发了一种用于目标非达标风险评估的工具。

结果:重症患者(48人)中,观察到患者内和患者间存在较大美罗培南浓度的差异。在MIC为2mg/L和8mg/L的情况下,目标100%T>MIC的达标率仅仅分别为48.4%和20.6%,对于目标50%T>4×MIC结果相似。CLCRcg(25~255mL/分)和给药间隔(C8h)末期时的美罗培南血清浓度之间,存在双曲线的关系。对于MIC为2mg/L的病原体感染,肾功能为轻度肾损伤或更好情况的患者,为目标非达标的风险因素(对于MIC为8mg/L,中度肾损伤)。

结论:调查的标准美罗培南给药方案可造成相当大比例的重症患者美罗培南给药不足。需要开发一种在给定肾功能和MIC值的情况下,用于评估目标非达标风险的简便和免费使用的工具。

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    2017-12-28 半夏微凉

    学习了.谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-12-28 吴颖

    谢谢分享.学习了

    0

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