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20种药品被国家重点监控,专家:对医保控费具有重要意义

2019-07-02 胡丹萍 实习生 蒋紫雯 澎湃新闻

7月1日,国家卫生健康委员会官网发布通知,公布我国首批国家重点监控合理用药药品目录,神经节苷脂、脑苷肌肽、鼠神经生长因子等20种药品被纳入监控名单。有专家对澎湃新闻记者国家卫健委发布的《通知》强调,各医疗机构要建立重点监控合理用药药品管理制度,加强目录内药品临床应用的全程管理。对未纳入目录的化药、生物制品,医师要严格落实《处方管理办法》等有关规定,按照药品说明书规定的适应证、疾病诊疗规范指南和相应

7月1日,国家卫生健康委员会官网发布通知,公布我国首批国家重点监控合理用药药品目录,神经节苷脂、脑苷肌肽、鼠神经生长因子等20种药品被纳入监控名单。有专家对澎湃新闻记者

国家卫健委发布的《通知》强调,各医疗机构要建立重点监控合理用药药品管理制度,加强目录内药品临床应用的全程管理。对未纳入目录的化药、生物制品,医师要严格落实《处方管理办法》等有关规定,按照药品说明书规定的适应证、疾病诊疗规范指南和相应处方权限,合理选择药品品种、给药途径和给药剂量并开具处方。

国内知名药师冀连梅告诉澎湃新闻,进入首批国家重点监控合理用药药品目录(以下简称“目录”)的20种药品,具体的临床疗效没有被大规模科学证据证明。它们基本上都是所谓的营养神经药物,不仅价格昂贵,还有严重滥用的情况,目前发现在脑梗、脑出血等症状内和早产儿、黄疸宝宝等类患者身上滥用严重。

澎湃新闻注意到,在列入目录的20种药品中,号称“活化脑细胞、营养脑细胞”的神经节苷脂无疑是老百姓最熟悉的一种。

神经节苷脂全称单唾液酸四己糖神经节苷脂钠(英文名简称 GM1),一小瓶20毫克的注射液中标价格都在百元左右,在中国生物制品排行榜雄踞第一,销售额过百亿。

“若是家里有脑中风或脑出血的病人,家属求医心切,医生可能就会开出这类‘脑营养针’。” 冀连梅介绍,长久以来神经节苷脂便被捧上“神坛”,在国内出现严重滥用现象。

由于该药的疯狂营销和严重滥用,2016年,国家食品药品监督管理总局发布关于修订该药说明书的公告,要求生产企业均应依据《药品注册管理办法》等有关规定,提出修订说明书的补充申请;临床医师应当仔细阅读说明书的修订内容,根据新修订说明书进行充分的效益/风险分析。

此后,2017年,总局又分别发布“关于暂停销售使用单唾液酸四己糖神经节苷脂钠注射液的公告”和“关于暂停销售使用阿根廷TRB PharmaS.A.单唾酸四己糖神经节苷脂钠盐注射液的公告”,保障公众用药安全。

早在2016年,冀连梅曾发布文章认为,“神经节苷脂既没有有效的证据证明其疗效,也没有有效的证据证明其安全性。”

如今“神药”被纳入国家重点监控合理用药目录,冀连梅表示,这个几乎要掏空脑血管病人口袋的“吃钱老虎”,终于被关进“笼子”里了,此举对医保控费具有重要意义。

除了神经节苷脂,澎湃新闻注意到,20种药品中,奥拉西坦、前列地尔、胸腺五肽、核糖核酸、核糖核酸Ⅱ、骨肽、马来酸桂哌齐特这6种药,还是北京市医保目录中的重点监控用药药品,其中前列地尔、胸腺五肽、核糖核酸、核糖核酸Ⅱ、骨肽这4种药限二级以上医院使用。

冀连梅认为,目前国家正在积极推进修订药品说明书、出台重点监控药品目录和制定临床指南和诊疗规范等内容,但同时,患者和医生两方面也需要共同努力。

一些患者的普遍心理认为,一些药物虽然没用,但也不一定有害处,于是抱着“可能有用”的想法,宁愿多花点钱,使用此类药物。

冀连梅建议,患者应该主动了解药物信息,不道听途说主动要求打此类的药物;医生需要与时俱进更新知识,运用循证医学思维为患者开药,不给患者滥用此类疗效不明确的药物。

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    2019-07-04 jml2016
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    2019-07-02 百草

    666

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