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低钾血症患儿术中应用肾上腺素诱发室早二联律一例

2017-12-09 佚名 临床麻醉学杂志

患儿,男,9岁2个月,28kg

【一般资料】

患儿,男,9岁2个月,28kg

【主诉】

因“右下腹疼痛10h”入院。

【现病史】

阵发性腹痛伴非喷射性呕吐胃内容物4次,无发热,无血便,无腹泻,食纳差。

【体格检查】

腹稍膨,未见胃肠型及蠕动波,右下腹深压痛,未及明显反跳痛,未及明显包块,腹部叩诊鼓音,肠鸣音正常。

【辅助检查】

腹部B超提示阑尾炎可能,于病房保守治疗2d后无明显改善

【治疗】

拟行腹腔镜下阑尾切除术。患儿入室后连接监护仪,BP108/57mmHg,HR85次/分,SpO298%。麻醉诱导:依次静脉注射咪达唑仑1.5mg、丙泊酚60mg、芬太尼60μg和罗库溴铵15mg,并在可视喉镜下插入6.0号气管导管,听诊两侧呼吸音对称,机械通气,VT240ml,RR16次/分。麻醉维持:静脉注射丙泊酚7mg·kg-1·h-1、瑞芬太尼0.3μg·kg-1·min-1。在手术区域消毒时,患儿HR进行性下降,最低至40次/分,给予阿托品0.3mg,HR无明显变化,BP92/47mmHg,随即停麻醉维持用药,HR无上升趋势,此时给予肾上腺素3μg,观察30S后,患儿HR上升至45次/分,ST段为0.7mm,再次给予肾上腺素5μg后患儿HR逐渐上升到80次/分,并出现室性早搏。约40S后,HR增快至110次/分,ST段逐渐降低最低值为-3.0mm,此时出现室早二联律,BP86/50mmHg,给予胺碘酮20mg,缓慢静推,10S后转为窦性心律,HR110次/分,ECG示ST段由-3.0mm逐渐恢复到--1.5mm,无明显T波。此时电话查询术前血生化结果:血钾3.09mmol/L,其他指标大致正常。急查动脉血气:PaCO229.6mmHg,血钾2.67mmol/L,BE-4.4mmol/L,随即降低RR和VT,同时补钾,浓度40mmol/L,速度20mmol/h。10min后ECG示:HR107次/分,ST段-0.6mm,并出现T波。降低补钾速度,至手术结束时复查血气:PaCO238.9mmHg,血钾4.56mmol/L,BE-2.5mmol/L。患儿清醒后,拔除气管导管,送返病房并嘱继续补钾。术后第2天随访,ECG未再出现异常,血钾3.85mmol/L。

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    2017-12-09 有备才能无患

    学习了.长见识了

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导语:只喝饮料不喝水时,就容易发生这类“血案”!在春节过后,门诊诊室忽然来了位很特别的小患者:病例介绍:患者,男,12岁,因疲劳、四肢肌肉无力1个月由家人轮椅推入诊室,无头晕、头痛、腹泻等其他表现,既往体健。查体:身高152 cm,体重78 kg,血压100/70 mmHg,查体时发现四肢肌张力减低,肌力Ⅳ级。外院头颅CT及MRI检查提示未见明显异常;我院检验提示:血钾2.6 mmol/L,钠13

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