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中国急性肺栓塞诊断与治疗指南(2015)

2016-04-20 中华医学会心血管病学分会

急性肺栓塞(pulmonary embolism,PE)是我国常见的心血管系统疾病[1],在美国等西方国家也是常见的三大致死性心血管疾病之一[2]。PE是内源性或外源性栓子阻塞肺动脉引起肺循环障碍的临床和病理生理综合征,包括肺血栓栓塞症、脂肪栓塞综合征、羊水栓塞、空气栓塞、肿瘤栓塞等。其中肺血栓栓塞症(pulmonary thromboembolism,PTE)是最常见的PE类型,指来自静脉系统或

中文标题:

中国急性肺栓塞诊断与治疗指南(2015)

发布日期:

2016-04-20

简要介绍:

急性肺栓塞(pulmonary embolism,PE)是我国常见的心血管系统疾病[1],在美国等西方国家也是常见的三大致死性心血管疾病之一[2]。PE是内源性或外源性栓子阻塞肺动脉引起肺循环障碍的临床和病理生理综合征,包括肺血栓栓塞症、脂肪栓塞综合征、羊水栓塞、空气栓塞、肿瘤栓塞等。其中肺血栓栓塞症(pulmonary thromboembolism,PTE)是最常见的PE类型,指来自静脉系统或右心的血栓阻塞肺动脉或其分支所致疾病,以肺循环和呼吸功能障碍为主要临床表现和病理生理特征,占PE的绝大多数,通常所称的PE即指PTE。深静脉血栓形成(deep venous thrombosis,DVT)是引起PTE的主要血栓来源,DVT多发于下肢或者骨盆深静脉,脱落后随血流循环进入肺动脉及其分支,PTE常为DVT的合并症。由于PTE与DVT在发病机制上存在相互关联,是同一种疾病病程中两个不同阶段的临床表现,因此统称为静脉血栓栓塞症(venous thromboembolism,VTE)。本指南相关推荐主要针对血栓性PE,非血栓性PE发病率低,临床证据很有限,暂不做相关推荐。 
近年来,对PE的认识不断提高,但临床实践中仍存在误诊、漏诊或诊断不及时,以及溶栓和抗凝治疗等不规范问题。2010年中华医学会心血管病学分会肺血管病学组、中国医师协会心血管内科医师分会专家组编写了“急性肺血栓栓塞症诊断治疗中国专家共识”[3],对规范我国急性PE的诊断流程和治疗策略,提高我国急性PE的诊治水平起到了极大了推动作用。在此后的5年中,肺血管疾病领域发展迅速,尤其在PE患者诊断、评估和治疗等方面,大量临床试验结果的发表,提供了新的循证医学证据,过去的指南已不能满足临床医师的需要。为此,中华医学会心血管病学分会肺血管病学组专家组在2010年专家共识的基础上,对新近出现的临床证据系统研判,并参考国际最新急性PE诊断和治疗指南[4],经认真研究讨论,达成共识,制订了本指南。与我国2010年专家共识相比,本指南在易患因素、危险分层、诊断治疗策略、新型口服抗凝剂、慢性血栓栓塞性肺高压等方面进行了更新,并对妊娠期和肿瘤患者PE的治疗给出正式推荐,旨在为PE的诊治提供依据和原则,帮助临床医师作出医疗决策,但在临床实践中面对每一个具体患者时,应该根据个体化原则制定诊疗措施。

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#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1066264, encodeId=101c1066264aa, content=好资源,想下载, beContent=null, objectType=guider, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/H3QXYibjbzM9C5GELMGhjqMatvmOsXy5gzoqIT6XJqYYCg7BqyfaLVW7gmk0bjAUJygFZUxt3XakaHUP7VIGDww/132, createdBy=a1285314326, createdName=taken110, createdTime=Tue Nov 02 15:54:53 CST 2021, time=2021-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=967223, encodeId=32ee96e22355, content=APP才可以下载好像, beContent=null, objectType=guider, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/7tEdeN11bEaQCibWVHrjm3DJOx6JyTYveh866S4SDHBs0WpOicscDlD5CUAaXKewbMJbR2Z4JDyWF0HzibpSMeDSw/0, createdBy=92102164930, createdName=悲悯恕道, createdTime=Thu May 20 15:10:01 CST 2021, time=2021-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=360492, encodeId=dfdb3604925f, content=下载不了啊, beContent=null, objectType=guider, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=147, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfBfgWn9nXBgH1sNSiaOAKhsKpN40jDHQKqcRzovau5VibLvREN8uxnu9sKoScBicHSiaDMmbveibFdrBiaD4k4IOPwlG/0, createdBy=b5d11730951, createdName=Jackie Li, createdTime=Tue Feb 12 22:38:47 CST 2019, time=2019-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=187930, encodeId=cf2818e930b5, content=为什么下载了打不开, beContent=null, objectType=guider, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=155, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bb2e2047772, createdName=1871eb258am, createdTime=Sun Apr 16 16:06:10 CST 2017, time=2017-04-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-11-02 taken110

    好资源,想下载

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1066264, encodeId=101c1066264aa, content=好资源,想下载, beContent=null, objectType=guider, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/H3QXYibjbzM9C5GELMGhjqMatvmOsXy5gzoqIT6XJqYYCg7BqyfaLVW7gmk0bjAUJygFZUxt3XakaHUP7VIGDww/132, createdBy=a1285314326, createdName=taken110, createdTime=Tue Nov 02 15:54:53 CST 2021, time=2021-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=967223, encodeId=32ee96e22355, content=APP才可以下载好像, beContent=null, objectType=guider, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/7tEdeN11bEaQCibWVHrjm3DJOx6JyTYveh866S4SDHBs0WpOicscDlD5CUAaXKewbMJbR2Z4JDyWF0HzibpSMeDSw/0, createdBy=92102164930, createdName=悲悯恕道, createdTime=Thu May 20 15:10:01 CST 2021, time=2021-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=360492, encodeId=dfdb3604925f, content=下载不了啊, beContent=null, objectType=guider, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=147, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfBfgWn9nXBgH1sNSiaOAKhsKpN40jDHQKqcRzovau5VibLvREN8uxnu9sKoScBicHSiaDMmbveibFdrBiaD4k4IOPwlG/0, createdBy=b5d11730951, createdName=Jackie Li, createdTime=Tue Feb 12 22:38:47 CST 2019, time=2019-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=187930, encodeId=cf2818e930b5, content=为什么下载了打不开, beContent=null, objectType=guider, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=155, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bb2e2047772, createdName=1871eb258am, createdTime=Sun Apr 16 16:06:10 CST 2017, time=2017-04-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-05-20 悲悯恕道

    APP才可以下载好像

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1066264, encodeId=101c1066264aa, content=好资源,想下载, beContent=null, objectType=guider, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/H3QXYibjbzM9C5GELMGhjqMatvmOsXy5gzoqIT6XJqYYCg7BqyfaLVW7gmk0bjAUJygFZUxt3XakaHUP7VIGDww/132, createdBy=a1285314326, createdName=taken110, createdTime=Tue Nov 02 15:54:53 CST 2021, time=2021-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=967223, encodeId=32ee96e22355, content=APP才可以下载好像, beContent=null, objectType=guider, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/7tEdeN11bEaQCibWVHrjm3DJOx6JyTYveh866S4SDHBs0WpOicscDlD5CUAaXKewbMJbR2Z4JDyWF0HzibpSMeDSw/0, createdBy=92102164930, createdName=悲悯恕道, createdTime=Thu May 20 15:10:01 CST 2021, time=2021-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=360492, encodeId=dfdb3604925f, content=下载不了啊, beContent=null, objectType=guider, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=147, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfBfgWn9nXBgH1sNSiaOAKhsKpN40jDHQKqcRzovau5VibLvREN8uxnu9sKoScBicHSiaDMmbveibFdrBiaD4k4IOPwlG/0, createdBy=b5d11730951, createdName=Jackie Li, createdTime=Tue Feb 12 22:38:47 CST 2019, time=2019-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=187930, encodeId=cf2818e930b5, content=为什么下载了打不开, beContent=null, objectType=guider, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=155, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bb2e2047772, createdName=1871eb258am, createdTime=Sun Apr 16 16:06:10 CST 2017, time=2017-04-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-02-12 Jackie Li

    下载不了啊

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1066264, encodeId=101c1066264aa, content=好资源,想下载, beContent=null, objectType=guider, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/H3QXYibjbzM9C5GELMGhjqMatvmOsXy5gzoqIT6XJqYYCg7BqyfaLVW7gmk0bjAUJygFZUxt3XakaHUP7VIGDww/132, createdBy=a1285314326, createdName=taken110, createdTime=Tue Nov 02 15:54:53 CST 2021, time=2021-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=967223, encodeId=32ee96e22355, content=APP才可以下载好像, beContent=null, objectType=guider, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/7tEdeN11bEaQCibWVHrjm3DJOx6JyTYveh866S4SDHBs0WpOicscDlD5CUAaXKewbMJbR2Z4JDyWF0HzibpSMeDSw/0, createdBy=92102164930, createdName=悲悯恕道, createdTime=Thu May 20 15:10:01 CST 2021, time=2021-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=360492, encodeId=dfdb3604925f, content=下载不了啊, beContent=null, objectType=guider, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=147, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfBfgWn9nXBgH1sNSiaOAKhsKpN40jDHQKqcRzovau5VibLvREN8uxnu9sKoScBicHSiaDMmbveibFdrBiaD4k4IOPwlG/0, createdBy=b5d11730951, createdName=Jackie Li, createdTime=Tue Feb 12 22:38:47 CST 2019, time=2019-02-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=187930, encodeId=cf2818e930b5, content=为什么下载了打不开, beContent=null, objectType=guider, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=155, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bb2e2047772, createdName=1871eb258am, createdTime=Sun Apr 16 16:06:10 CST 2017, time=2017-04-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-16 1871eb258am

    为什么下载了打不开

    0

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