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肠胃不好emo了?老祖宗出手不用愁!针灸能有效缓解功能性胃肠道疾病患者情绪症状!

2022-02-04 LILYMED MedSci原创

PLOS ONE:针灸治疗功能性胃肠道疾病患者的情绪症状:系统评价和荟萃分析

功能性胃肠道疾病(FGIDs)被定义为肠脑相互作用障碍,是最常见的胃肠道疾病类型。在一项大型跨国研究中,研究人员发现全球超过40%的人患有FGIDsFGID的特征在于形态学和生理异常,包括运动障碍,内脏超敏反应,粘膜和免疫功能变化,肠道微生物群变化以及中枢神经系统加工相关变化。肠易激综合征IBS)、功能性消化不良(FD)、功能性便秘(FC)和功能性腹泻(FDr)是最常见的FGIDs,可能影响生活质量和卫生保健资源的利用。FGID患者也经常有情绪症状,如焦虑和抑郁。这些症状经常相互影响,导致疾病复发或加重。因此,关注FGIDs患者的情绪症状是非常重要的。用于治疗FGIDs的主要药物是动力学药、质子泵抑制剂、抗胆碱能药和止泻药。然而,这些药物主要针对单一胃肠道症状,对情绪症状的调节效果不佳。一些研究表明,抗抑郁药可以用于FGID患者,但由于其不良反应,其使用受到限制。

补充和替代医学(CAM)是一组独特的医疗实践和产品,大量患有FGIDs的患者转向求助CAM来控制他们的症状;这些患者中有许多对治疗结果感到满意。针灸CAM的重要组成部分,在中国已有数千年历史。有证据表明,针灸可以缓解FGIDs胃肠道症状和抑郁、焦虑等情绪症状。然而,大多数分析针灸治疗FGIDs的研究都集中在胃肠道症状而不是心理症状上。一些研究表明,针灸可能比对照组更好地缓解胃肠道和心理症状,但其他研究显示结果不一致。因此,本研究总结了随机对照试验(RCT)的证据,并评估了针灸缓解FGID患者情绪症状的有效性。

通过数据库检索,共检索到954份报告;最终符合纳入标准的24项研究的25份报告被纳入系统综述或定性分析(1)

我们分析了24项随机对照试验中的2151例患者。纳入的随机对照试验中有两项为多中心研究,22项为单中心研究。研究的样本量从34348不等,治疗时间持续2 ~ 10周。关于治疗组,17项研究采用电针,7项研究采用手工针灸。关于对照组,20项研究采用药物治疗,4项研究采用假针灸。共进行了2项四臂试验和2项三臂试验。17项研究报道了SAS评分,17项研究报道了SDS评分,4项研究提到了HAM-A评分,5项研究报道了HAM-D评分,1项研究报道了PHQ-9GAD-7评分。本研究的详细特点见表1

1、针灸与假针灸

4项随机对照试验比较了针灸与假针灸,所有假针灸组在非穴位接受最小针灸(刺穿皮肤2-3毫米)。

1.1 焦虑

汇总结果表明,针灸在缓解焦虑症状方面并不明显优于假针灸(SMD -0.35, 95% CI−1.050.33,I2 = 85%,图2A)。证据的GRADE质量较低(2)此外,基于疾病的亚组分析表明,针灸在缓解IBS患者的焦虑症状方面可能优于假针灸(SMD -0.595%CI -0.95-0.06),FDFCFDr患者的焦虑症状没有明显缓解(2A)。基于穴位和针刺类型的亚组分析表明,纳入用于镇静的穴位或针刺类型并不能解释异质性。研究还表明,针灸在减轻焦虑症状方面并不比假针灸更有效(S1文件中的S5S6)

1.2抑郁

汇总数据显示,针灸在缓解抑郁症状方面并没有明显优于假针灸(SMD -0.32, 95% CI−0.710.07,I2 = 54%,图2B)。证据的GRADE质量为中等(2)。敏感性分析显示,在省略Da2014研究时,针灸比对照组更能减轻抑郁症状(SMD -0.44, 95% CI -0.84 to -0.03, S1文件中的S8图),但效果非常小。此外,基于疾病的亚组分析显示,针灸在缓解IBSFDFCFDr患者抑郁症状方面可能并不优于假针灸(2B)。基于穴位的亚组分析显示,针灸处方中包括镇静穴位,可能比假针灸更有助于缓解FGIDs患者的抑郁症状(S1文件S9)。基于针灸类型的亚组分析显示,无论电针还是手动针灸,均能比对照组更大程度缓解FGIDs患者的抑郁症状S1文件中的S8图)。

 

2、针灸与药物治疗

2.1 焦虑

汇总结果表明,针灸在缓解焦虑症状方面明显优于药物治疗(SMD -0.6495% CI -0.93-0.35I2 = 86%3)证据的GRADE质量较低(2)灵敏度分析证实了结果的稳健性(S1文件中S12图)。此外,亚组分析(3)显示,针灸在缓解FDSMD -1.4795%CI -2.46-0.48),IBSSMD -0.6495%CI -1.17-0.11),FCSMD -0.2295%CI -0.43-0.01)和FDrSMD -0.5395%CI -0.78-0.29)患者的焦虑症状方面优于药物治疗。其他亚组分析的结果表明,这种效应与是否包含镇静穴位(S1文件中S13图)和针灸类型(S1文件中S14图)无关。

2.2抑郁

对汇总数据的分析表明,针灸治疗在改善抑郁症状方面明显优于药物治疗(SMD -0.46, 95% CI -0.69 ~ -0.22, I2 = 79%,图4)。证据的整体质量较低(2)。敏感性分析证实了结果的稳健性S1文件S16图)。此外,亚组分析(3)显示, 针灸在缓解FDSMD -1.1395% CI -1.82-0.44),IBSSMD -0.3395%CI -0.64-0.02)和FDrSMD -0.3995%CI -0.67-0.11)和FDrSMD -0.3995%CI -0.320.10)患者焦虑症状方面优于药物治疗。其他亚组分析表明,这种效果与纳入镇静穴位(S1文件中S17)或针刺类型(S1文件中S18)无关。

3 不良事件

9项研究报告了不良事件,其中4项研究在所有组中均报告了0例不良事件。9项研究均未发生严重不良事件。5项研究比较了针灸和药物治疗,并报告了不良事件的数量。合并结果显示,两组间差异无统计学意义(RR 0.56, 95%CI 0.26 ~ 1.19,图5)

 

该荟萃分析包括来自24RCT2151名患者,比较了针灸与假针灸和药物治疗。汇总结果显示,针灸比药物治疗更能缓解FGID患者的情绪症状。然而,目前尚不清楚这种效果是基于针灸的安慰剂效应,特异性效应还是非特异性效应。证据应在未来通过严格设计的随机对照试验来证明。

 

原文来源:

Ling Wang,et al. Acupuncture for emotional symptoms in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders: A systematic review and metaanalysi. PLOS ONE | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263166 January 27, 2022

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1799204, encodeId=baea1e9920440, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=38e0e0670ff' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疾病患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70670, encryptionId=38e0e0670ff, topicName=疾病患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c859411, createdName=hmwwww, createdTime=Sat May 14 06:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1915573, encodeId=366219155e38a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=22a1328e7e5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#功能性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32877, encryptionId=22a1328e7e5, topicName=功能性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=570f404, createdName=xlxchina, createdTime=Fri Apr 15 07:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1666234, encodeId=70ae1666234a1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9a42833423a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃肠道疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83342, encryptionId=9a42833423a, topicName=胃肠道疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=960826051850, createdName=xxxx1058, createdTime=Wed Oct 26 16:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-10-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1191173, encodeId=12e011911e3eb, content=写得好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=89ae6481716, createdName=ms3000000637975859, createdTime=Tue Feb 08 20:17:24 CST 2022, time=2022-02-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1190313, encodeId=232c11903133a, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=35465387413, createdName=ms8000002020716804, createdTime=Sat Feb 05 14:44:11 CST 2022, time=2022-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1346372, encodeId=418a13463e2cb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=339e8332035' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃肠道#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83320, encryptionId=339e8332035, topicName=胃肠道)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e03212, createdName=liao1619, createdTime=Thu Feb 03 05:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-02-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1540646, encodeId=0158154064691, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e1f281e045e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81704, encryptionId=e1f281e045e, topicName=肠道疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0d5513274388, createdName=guozhenyu, createdTime=Thu Feb 03 05:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-02-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-02-08 ms3000000637975859

    写得好

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1799204, encodeId=baea1e9920440, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=38e0e0670ff' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疾病患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70670, encryptionId=38e0e0670ff, topicName=疾病患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c859411, createdName=hmwwww, createdTime=Sat May 14 06:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1915573, encodeId=366219155e38a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=22a1328e7e5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#功能性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32877, encryptionId=22a1328e7e5, topicName=功能性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=570f404, createdName=xlxchina, createdTime=Fri Apr 15 07:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1666234, encodeId=70ae1666234a1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9a42833423a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃肠道疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83342, encryptionId=9a42833423a, topicName=胃肠道疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=960826051850, createdName=xxxx1058, createdTime=Wed Oct 26 16:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-10-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1191173, encodeId=12e011911e3eb, content=写得好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=89ae6481716, createdName=ms3000000637975859, createdTime=Tue Feb 08 20:17:24 CST 2022, time=2022-02-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1190313, encodeId=232c11903133a, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=35465387413, createdName=ms8000002020716804, createdTime=Sat Feb 05 14:44:11 CST 2022, time=2022-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1346372, encodeId=418a13463e2cb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=339e8332035' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃肠道#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83320, encryptionId=339e8332035, topicName=胃肠道)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e03212, createdName=liao1619, createdTime=Thu Feb 03 05:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-02-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1540646, encodeId=0158154064691, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e1f281e045e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81704, encryptionId=e1f281e045e, topicName=肠道疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0d5513274388, createdName=guozhenyu, createdTime=Thu Feb 03 05:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-02-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-02-05 ms8000002020716804

    学习了

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1799204, encodeId=baea1e9920440, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=38e0e0670ff' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疾病患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70670, encryptionId=38e0e0670ff, topicName=疾病患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c859411, createdName=hmwwww, createdTime=Sat May 14 06:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1915573, encodeId=366219155e38a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=22a1328e7e5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#功能性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32877, encryptionId=22a1328e7e5, topicName=功能性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=570f404, createdName=xlxchina, createdTime=Fri Apr 15 07:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1666234, encodeId=70ae1666234a1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9a42833423a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃肠道疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83342, encryptionId=9a42833423a, topicName=胃肠道疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=960826051850, createdName=xxxx1058, createdTime=Wed Oct 26 16:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-10-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1191173, encodeId=12e011911e3eb, content=写得好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=89ae6481716, createdName=ms3000000637975859, createdTime=Tue Feb 08 20:17:24 CST 2022, time=2022-02-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1190313, encodeId=232c11903133a, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=35465387413, createdName=ms8000002020716804, createdTime=Sat Feb 05 14:44:11 CST 2022, time=2022-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1346372, encodeId=418a13463e2cb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=339e8332035' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃肠道#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83320, encryptionId=339e8332035, topicName=胃肠道)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e03212, createdName=liao1619, createdTime=Thu Feb 03 05:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-02-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1540646, encodeId=0158154064691, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e1f281e045e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81704, encryptionId=e1f281e045e, topicName=肠道疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0d5513274388, createdName=guozhenyu, createdTime=Thu Feb 03 05:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-02-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1799204, encodeId=baea1e9920440, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=38e0e0670ff' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#疾病患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70670, encryptionId=38e0e0670ff, topicName=疾病患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c859411, createdName=hmwwww, createdTime=Sat May 14 06:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1915573, encodeId=366219155e38a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=22a1328e7e5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#功能性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32877, encryptionId=22a1328e7e5, topicName=功能性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=570f404, createdName=xlxchina, createdTime=Fri Apr 15 07:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-04-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1666234, encodeId=70ae1666234a1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9a42833423a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃肠道疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83342, encryptionId=9a42833423a, topicName=胃肠道疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=960826051850, createdName=xxxx1058, createdTime=Wed Oct 26 16:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-10-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1191173, encodeId=12e011911e3eb, content=写得好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=89ae6481716, createdName=ms3000000637975859, createdTime=Tue Feb 08 20:17:24 CST 2022, time=2022-02-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1190313, encodeId=232c11903133a, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=35465387413, createdName=ms8000002020716804, createdTime=Sat Feb 05 14:44:11 CST 2022, time=2022-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1346372, encodeId=418a13463e2cb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=339e8332035' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#胃肠道#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83320, encryptionId=339e8332035, topicName=胃肠道)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e03212, createdName=liao1619, createdTime=Thu Feb 03 05:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-02-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1540646, encodeId=0158154064691, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e1f281e045e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肠道疾病#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=81704, encryptionId=e1f281e045e, topicName=肠道疾病)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0d5513274388, createdName=guozhenyu, createdTime=Thu Feb 03 05:53:21 CST 2022, time=2022-02-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

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