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这6个过度治疗方式,应告诫糖尿病患者

2018-10-20 佚名 :糖尿病家庭调养

糖尿病是一种因胰岛素绝对或相对不足导致,或靶组织细胞对胰岛素敏感性降低,导致血糖升高,出现尿糖,进而引起脂肪和蛋白质代谢紊乱的慢性进行性内分必代谢病。

糖尿病是一种因胰岛素绝对或相对不足导致,或靶组织细胞对胰岛素敏感性降低,导致血糖升高,出现尿糖,进而引起脂肪和蛋白质代谢紊乱的慢性进行性内分必代谢病。

糖尿病本身并不可怕,可怕的是它的并发症。而糖尿病患者在实际治疗中会有这两种极端的情况产生。

一是疏于治疗,达不达标根本不清楚。血糖想测时就测,因为没有不适症状;另一种是血糖控制过度,其结果极有可能发生低血糖,甚至有生命危险。那糖尿病过度治疗会有什么样的后果呢?

1.降糖过度

糖尿病患者往往比较担心高血糖,事实上,低血糖的危害也不小,轻者表现为心慌、出汗、头晕、瘫软无力,重者会严重损害中枢神经,导致意识障碍、昏迷乃至死亡。

而且,低血糖会使交感神经兴奋性增加,血管收缩、血压升高,而导致心脑血管意外(如心梗、脑血栓等)。另外,长期慢性低血糖,还会导致智力障碍甚至痴呆(特别是老年人)。

所以不宜将血糖降得过低,也不宜降得过快,否则会增加低血糖及心脑血管事件的风险。

2.限食过度

有的糖尿病患者对饮食治疗过于重视,过度地控制饮食,甚至不吃主食。这是错误的。饮食控制不等于“饥饿疗法”。

人体需要足够的热量供应,其次,主食中的碳水化合物是刺激胰 岛素分泌的天然物质,进食过少反而不利于血糖控制。

再有进食过少还会造成营养不良,研究证实,糖尿病足溃疡难以愈合就与营养不良有关。

最后,过度的节食还可能引起心理障碍。研究表明,体重过低与过胖,死亡率都会增加。尤其是中年以后的糖尿病患者,过于消瘦并无益处。

3.运动过度

运动疗法也是糖尿病的基础治疗之一,对糖尿病病人益处多多。可以增加机体热量消耗,改善胰岛素抵抗,降低血糖等等。

但要注意运动方式,需循序渐进,把握好运动强度,否则,将会适得其反。

激烈的运动(无氧运动)可兴奋交感神经,导致儿茶酚胺等胰岛素拮抗激素的分泌增加,使血糖升高。此外,运动时间过久、运动量过大(特别是在空腹状态下),将会显着增加发生低血糖反应的危险性。

另外,并非所有的糖尿病病患者都适合运动,例如,严重高血糖的病人、合并肾功能损害、有心功能不全或心绞痛,活动期眼底出血的患者都不适合运动。

4.焦虑过度

有的糖尿病患者确诊糖尿病后,十分焦虑,甚至影响到进食、睡觉。其结果就是血糖难以控制。

有的患者心理包袱很重,经常失眠,整日沉浸在焦虑悲观、自怨自艾中不能自拔,导致血糖升高或波动。

因此,一定要正确对待糖尿病,既不能不重视,也不能被它吓倒,力求处之泰然,保持心理平衡,以助于血糖的平稳控制。

5.药物依赖过度

糖尿病治疗强调综合治疗,除了药物,还需要生活方式干预,且所有降糖药都应在饮食和运动的基础上使用。

不重视饮食和运动,一味依靠增加降糖药来控制血糖,其结果是血糖控制不好,还会加快胰岛细胞走向衰竭。

其实这也包括对医生依赖过度,糖尿病患者的自我管理非常重要,其内容包括血糖自我监测和在此基础上的药物调整,以及如何选择饮食和运动,如何就医等。

6.减肥过度

肥胖是导致糖尿病的独立危险因素,超重者减肥,有助于改善胰岛素抵抗,增加降糖药物的疗效。但是,也并非越瘦越好,应当以符合标准体重为宜。

因为,过于消瘦会导致营养状况恶化,机体免疫功能以及抵抗力下降。而且,消瘦病人由于肝糖元储备降低,对低血糖的自我调节能力下降,使发生低血糖的危险性增加。

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    2019-06-28 howi
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    2018-10-21 1237db7em74暂无昵称

    学习了

    0

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    2018-10-20 misszhang

    谢谢MedSci提供最新的资讯

    0

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糖尿病“伤肾”了,该如何防?

糖尿病肾病是糖尿病最常见、最棘手的并发症之一,也是尿毒症透析的主要原因之一。据统计,糖尿病是目前我国慢性肾脏病的第一大病因,透析的第二大病因。那么,糖尿病患者如何才能防止肾损伤呢?

Cell Metab:颠覆认知!脂肪组织竟是糖尿病罪魁祸首!

研究人员将目光放到了每个人都有的组织—脂肪上。他们发现,只要去除糖尿病小鼠全身脂肪组织中的PKCε,小鼠就不会出现葡萄糖耐受不良,换言之,就是胰岛素抵抗消除!

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