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Circulation:动物性食物与缺血性心脏病风险

2019-04-23 xing.T 网络

由此可见,IHD风险与红肉和加工肉类的摄入呈正相关,与酸奶、奶酪和鸡蛋的摄入呈负相关,尽管与酸奶和鸡蛋的关联可能受到反向因果关系偏差的影响。目前尚不清楚与红肉和加工肉类以及奶酪的关联是否反映了因果关系,但这些食物与血浆非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的关联与红肉和加工肉类与收缩压的关联相一致,其可以调节这种效应。

动物性食物与缺血性心脏病(IHD)病因的相关性存在不确定性。近日,血管领域权威杂志Circulation上发表了一篇研究文章,研究人员在泛欧EPIC队列中评估了肉类、鱼类、乳制品和鸡蛋与IHD风险的关系。

研究人员对9个欧洲国家的409885名男性和女性进行的前瞻性研究,使用经过验证的问卷评估饮食。对亚组个体测量了脂质和血压。平均随访12.6年,7198名参与者患有心肌梗死或死于IHD。研究人员使用Cox回归评估了动物食物与IHD风险之间的关系,并调整其他动物食物和相关协变量。

红肉和加工肉类摄入量每增加100g/d的IHD风险比(HR)为1.19(95%CI为1.06-1.33),排除前4年的随访后仍然显著( HR为1.25 [1.09-1.42])。风险与酸奶(每100g/d增量的HR为0.93 [0.89-0.98])、奶酪(每30g/d增量的HR为0.92 [0.86-0.98])和鸡蛋(每20g/d增量的HR为0.93[0.88-0.99])摄入量呈负相关;在排除前4年的随访后,与酸奶和鸡蛋的关系减弱且无显著性。IHD风险与家禽、鱼或牛奶的摄入量无显著相关。在模拟膳食替代品的分析中,用能量为100kcal/d的脂肪鱼、酸奶、奶酪或鸡蛋替代100kcal/d红肉和加工肉与IHD风险降低约20%相关。红肉和加工肉的摄入与血清非HDL胆固醇浓度和收缩压正相关,并且奶酪的摄入与血清非HDL胆固醇成反比。

由此可见,IHD风险与红肉和加工肉类的摄入呈正相关,与酸奶、奶酪和鸡蛋的摄入呈负相关,尽管与酸奶和鸡蛋的关联可能受到反向因果关系偏差的影响。目前尚不清楚与红肉和加工肉类以及奶酪的关联是否反映了因果关系,但这些食物与血浆非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的关联与红肉和加工肉类与收缩压的关联相一致,其可以调节这种效应。 

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