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Lancet:剖宫产更佳手术方式5大困惑,你知道吗?

2016-05-09 Mechront&KL MedSci原创

经阴道分娩是自然而且符合生理的分娩途径,产妇分娩后能迅速康复,新生儿能更好的适应外界环境。不过总是会有一些幺蛾子(包括医学指征和非医学指征)让女性不能顺利进行阴道分娩,这时候或许我们就需要经腹切开子宫取出胎儿,也就是剖宫产。 虽然在1610年进行了世界上第一例剖宫产,其产妇在术后25天死亡,不过到如今21世纪,数百年的发展已经让剖宫产变得安全可靠。产科医生进行一项普普通通没有并发症没

经阴道分娩是自然而且符合生理的分娩途径,产妇分娩后能迅速康复,新生儿能更好的适应外界环境。不过总是会有一些幺蛾子(包括医学指征和非医学指征)让女性不能顺利进行阴道分娩,这时候或许我们就需要经腹切开子宫取出胎儿,也就是剖宫产。

虽然在1610年进行了世界上第一例剖宫产,其产妇在术后25天死亡,不过到如今21世纪,数百年的发展已经让剖宫产变得安全可靠。产科医生进行一项普普通通没有并发症没有术中术后危机的剖宫产简直是轻车熟路,流程步骤就那么几个。简单来说,切开肚皮切开子宫,取出宝宝,然后把切开或撕开的组织进行缝合。

看似简单,实则门道非常多

比如进腹的时候是钝性还是锐性进入对母儿更好呢?
缝合子宫的时候是选择腹膜外还是腹膜内更优呢?
在缝合子宫时是缝一层就可以,还是要双层缝合?
子宫缝线的选择是肠线还是可吸收线?
接着腹膜是不是必须要缝合?

虽然不同医院有自己常用安全的剖宫产手术方式,但是以上提到的这5个剖宫产中操作细节方面的选择问题,能有多少人知道基于证据的研究结果?



目前中国的剖宫产率居高不下,且伴随着二胎全面开放,先前在剖宫产高潮期有那么多的女性接受了剖宫产,她们在分娩二胎的方式上,虽然经阴道分娩也可,但是估计也没有多少医生和孕妇能像初产妇或前次阴道分娩的孕妇一样,大着胆子试产吧。所以,把剖宫产方方面面仔仔细细的搞清楚,对于改善母儿结局是十分有必要的。

2013年发表在Lancet的CORONIS试验短期研究结果就是针对以上剖宫产技术的5个方面。

CORONIS试验

这是一项2×2×2×2×2 的多中心分层析因随机对照研究,旨在评估5种不同的剖宫产技术效果。该试验在阿根廷、智利、加纳、印度、肯尼亚、巴基斯坦和苏丹的 19 个中心进行。第一次或第二次计划性腹横切口剖宫产的孕妇也纳入到该试验中。在2007年5月20到2010年12月31日之间,共纳入了15935名女性。所有参与中接受五种干预配对中的三种:钝性与锐性进腹;腹腔外子宫修复与腹腔内修复;单层与双层子宫闭合;腹膜闭合与不闭合;采用铬制肠线与聚糖乳酸复合物-910 进行子宫修复。 

短期预后数据包括术后6 周随访期间死亡、孕产妇感染发病率、进一步手术或输血(>1 个单位)等。

研究结果显示,以上5种不同干预配对之间均没有统计学意义:钝性与锐性进腹 RR=1.03 (95% CI 0.91—1.17),腹腔外与腹腔内修复 RR=0.96 (0.84—1.08),单层与双层子宫闭合 RR=0.96 (0.85—1.08),腹膜闭合与不闭合 RR=1.06 (0.94—1.20),采用铬制肠线与聚糖乳酸复合物-910 进行子宫修复 RR=0.90 (0.78—1.04)。研究期间共发生了144例严重不良事件,其中26例可能与干预相关,多部分严重不良事件为已知的手术并发症或剖宫产本身所致并发症。
2013年的这项研究结果表明,这些不同配对干预在剖宫产手术技术中均是可以接受的,不过这些研究结果只是基于短期的随访,因此CORONIS试验的协作团队对参与者继续随访,评估不同配对干预的长期结局间是否存在差异。

在2011年9月1日到2014年9月30日之间,共对13153 (84%) 名女性进行了平均3.8年的随访(SD 0.86)。

研究结果显示,5种不同干预配对之间均没有统计学意义。钝性与锐性进腹相比,腹部疝发生风险间没有差异(aRR=0.66; 95% CI 0.39–1.11);试验期间出生的宝宝其死亡和严重发病率间也没有差异(0.99, 0.83–1.17)。腹腔外与腹腔内修复相比,在不孕不育(0.91, 0.71–1.18)或异位妊娠(0.50, 0.15–1.66)方面,不存在统计学意义的差异。单层与双层子宫闭合相比,女性的死亡风险(0.78, 0.46–1.32)或妊娠并发症风险(1.20, 0.75–1.90)没有差异。腹膜闭合与不闭合其与盆腔粘连相关的症状结局(比如不孕不育)没有差异(0.80, 0.61–1.06)。采用铬制肠线与聚糖乳酸复合物-910 进行子宫修复,对于下次妊娠不良结局也不存在差异,比如子宫破裂(3.05, 0.32–29.29)。总体而言,严重不良事件不多见。

长到3年多的随访研究也没有发现5种不同配对技术之间的风险差异,不过研究者指出,虽然没有证据支持这些技术孰优孰劣,在临床实践中我们还应该考虑到其他因素,比如不同技术的时间和成本效益,进而择优选择。

这些数据从另一个层面也表明,剖宫产仍缺乏标准的、全球公认的手术技术。也就是说,这个手术的最佳方式仍是未知的。所以,医生们,多努力,说不定下一篇Lancet上关于剖宫产最佳手术方式的研究就是你们团队的!

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    2017-01-26 howi
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1651155, encodeId=4fcb165115512, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=60d45443e91' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#手术方式#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54437, encryptionId=60d45443e91, topicName=手术方式)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=916a24134794, createdName=dinorsor532, createdTime=Sat Jun 18 21:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1828476, encodeId=afaa18284e60d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Thu Jan 26 00:44:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85725, encodeId=cae885e25f5, content=值得一看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=176, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85722, encodeId=897785e22cd, content=大家尽量顺其自然吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=154, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85723, encodeId=f01585e237d, content=挺好的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=169, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85724, encodeId=e2ca85e24c0, content=可以, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85719, encodeId=bdf785e1995, content=而且剖宫产远期并发症此文并未提到, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85720, encodeId=291885e20ed, content=而且手术方式众多不一, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85721, encodeId=709d85e2123, content=希望患者认知有所提高, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85717, encodeId=343785e1771, content=建议还是顺产好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-14 1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称)

    值得一看

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1651155, encodeId=4fcb165115512, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=60d45443e91' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#手术方式#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54437, encryptionId=60d45443e91, topicName=手术方式)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=916a24134794, createdName=dinorsor532, createdTime=Sat Jun 18 21:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1828476, encodeId=afaa18284e60d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Thu Jan 26 00:44:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85725, encodeId=cae885e25f5, content=值得一看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=176, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85722, encodeId=897785e22cd, content=大家尽量顺其自然吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=154, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85723, encodeId=f01585e237d, content=挺好的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=169, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85724, encodeId=e2ca85e24c0, content=可以, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85719, encodeId=bdf785e1995, content=而且剖宫产远期并发症此文并未提到, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85720, encodeId=291885e20ed, content=而且手术方式众多不一, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85721, encodeId=709d85e2123, content=希望患者认知有所提高, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85717, encodeId=343785e1771, content=建议还是顺产好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-14 1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称)

    大家尽量顺其自然吧

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1651155, encodeId=4fcb165115512, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=60d45443e91' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#手术方式#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54437, encryptionId=60d45443e91, topicName=手术方式)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=916a24134794, createdName=dinorsor532, createdTime=Sat Jun 18 21:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1828476, encodeId=afaa18284e60d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Thu Jan 26 00:44:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85725, encodeId=cae885e25f5, content=值得一看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=176, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85722, encodeId=897785e22cd, content=大家尽量顺其自然吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=154, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85723, encodeId=f01585e237d, content=挺好的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=169, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85724, encodeId=e2ca85e24c0, content=可以, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85719, encodeId=bdf785e1995, content=而且剖宫产远期并发症此文并未提到, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85720, encodeId=291885e20ed, content=而且手术方式众多不一, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85721, encodeId=709d85e2123, content=希望患者认知有所提高, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85717, encodeId=343785e1771, content=建议还是顺产好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-14 1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称)

    挺好的

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1651155, encodeId=4fcb165115512, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=60d45443e91' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#手术方式#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54437, encryptionId=60d45443e91, topicName=手术方式)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=916a24134794, createdName=dinorsor532, createdTime=Sat Jun 18 21:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1828476, encodeId=afaa18284e60d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Thu Jan 26 00:44:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85725, encodeId=cae885e25f5, content=值得一看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=176, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85722, encodeId=897785e22cd, content=大家尽量顺其自然吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=154, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85723, encodeId=f01585e237d, content=挺好的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=169, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85724, encodeId=e2ca85e24c0, content=可以, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85719, encodeId=bdf785e1995, content=而且剖宫产远期并发症此文并未提到, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85720, encodeId=291885e20ed, content=而且手术方式众多不一, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85721, encodeId=709d85e2123, content=希望患者认知有所提高, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85717, encodeId=343785e1771, content=建议还是顺产好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-14 1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称)

    可以

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1651155, encodeId=4fcb165115512, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=60d45443e91' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#手术方式#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54437, encryptionId=60d45443e91, topicName=手术方式)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=916a24134794, createdName=dinorsor532, createdTime=Sat Jun 18 21:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1828476, encodeId=afaa18284e60d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Thu Jan 26 00:44:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85725, encodeId=cae885e25f5, content=值得一看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=176, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85722, encodeId=897785e22cd, content=大家尽量顺其自然吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=154, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85723, encodeId=f01585e237d, content=挺好的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=169, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85724, encodeId=e2ca85e24c0, content=可以, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85719, encodeId=bdf785e1995, content=而且剖宫产远期并发症此文并未提到, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85720, encodeId=291885e20ed, content=而且手术方式众多不一, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85721, encodeId=709d85e2123, content=希望患者认知有所提高, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85717, encodeId=343785e1771, content=建议还是顺产好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-14 1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称)

    而且剖宫产远期并发症此文并未提到

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1651155, encodeId=4fcb165115512, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=60d45443e91' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#手术方式#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54437, encryptionId=60d45443e91, topicName=手术方式)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=916a24134794, createdName=dinorsor532, createdTime=Sat Jun 18 21:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1828476, encodeId=afaa18284e60d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Thu Jan 26 00:44:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85725, encodeId=cae885e25f5, content=值得一看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=176, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85722, encodeId=897785e22cd, content=大家尽量顺其自然吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=154, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85723, encodeId=f01585e237d, content=挺好的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=169, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85724, encodeId=e2ca85e24c0, content=可以, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85719, encodeId=bdf785e1995, content=而且剖宫产远期并发症此文并未提到, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85720, encodeId=291885e20ed, content=而且手术方式众多不一, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85721, encodeId=709d85e2123, content=希望患者认知有所提高, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85717, encodeId=343785e1771, content=建议还是顺产好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-14 1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称)

    而且手术方式众多不一

    0

  9. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1651155, encodeId=4fcb165115512, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=60d45443e91' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#手术方式#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54437, encryptionId=60d45443e91, topicName=手术方式)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=916a24134794, createdName=dinorsor532, createdTime=Sat Jun 18 21:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1828476, encodeId=afaa18284e60d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Thu Jan 26 00:44:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85725, encodeId=cae885e25f5, content=值得一看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=176, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85722, encodeId=897785e22cd, content=大家尽量顺其自然吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=154, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85723, encodeId=f01585e237d, content=挺好的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=169, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85724, encodeId=e2ca85e24c0, content=可以, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85719, encodeId=bdf785e1995, content=而且剖宫产远期并发症此文并未提到, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85720, encodeId=291885e20ed, content=而且手术方式众多不一, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85721, encodeId=709d85e2123, content=希望患者认知有所提高, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85717, encodeId=343785e1771, content=建议还是顺产好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-14 1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称)

    希望患者认知有所提高

    0

  10. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1651155, encodeId=4fcb165115512, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=60d45443e91' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#手术方式#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54437, encryptionId=60d45443e91, topicName=手术方式)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=916a24134794, createdName=dinorsor532, createdTime=Sat Jun 18 21:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1828476, encodeId=afaa18284e60d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Thu Jan 26 00:44:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85725, encodeId=cae885e25f5, content=值得一看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=176, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85722, encodeId=897785e22cd, content=大家尽量顺其自然吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=154, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85723, encodeId=f01585e237d, content=挺好的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=169, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85724, encodeId=e2ca85e24c0, content=可以, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=164, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85719, encodeId=bdf785e1995, content=而且剖宫产远期并发症此文并未提到, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=120, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85720, encodeId=291885e20ed, content=而且手术方式众多不一, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85721, encodeId=709d85e2123, content=希望患者认知有所提高, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=109, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:57:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85717, encodeId=343785e1771, content=建议还是顺产好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=111, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4a6b1686125, createdName=1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat May 14 11:56:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-14 1de47ca2m12(暂无匿称)

    建议还是顺产好

    0

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识别与失败的手术在当代产妇阴道分娩相关的因素和评估这些因素是否可以用来准确预测失败的手术阴道分娩。目的:识别当前预测产妇阴道分娩失败的预测因素,及评估这些因素能否准确预测。这是一个病例对照研究来自2005-2014当前正在接受阴道分娩试验的产妇。病例组的产妇是准备阴道分娩但最终剖腹产的人群,对照组是顺利阴道分娩的人群。利用二元和多变量分析来确定预测因素是否与阴道分娩失败独立相关。建立一个操作特征曲

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当前美国的剖宫产率约为30%左右,中国的剖宫产率远远超过该数值,尤其是现在二胎开放,前次剖宫产女性再次妊娠,选择再次剖宫产的概率十分大。而剖宫产会给女性带来很多并发症。因此,降低剖宫产率志在必行。发表在美国妇产科杂志的研究称,硬膜外麻醉的孕妇分娩时将第二产程上限设定为4小时(而不是3小时),可降低55%的剖宫产率。来自托马斯杰斐逊大学的研究人员对硬膜外麻醉的孕妇进行了一项研究,将第二产程时间设定为

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