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注意力缺陷多动症(ADHD)患者的饮食模式和饮食干预

2022-10-28 刘少飞 MedSci原创

本文目的是研究哪些饮食模式与注意力缺陷多动症(ADHD)最相关,并总结现有的饮食干预的临床应用证据。

注意力缺陷多动症(ADHD)是儿童时期最常见的神经发育障碍之一,影响到约7%的儿童和青少年。鉴于其不利的健康结果和高额的医疗和社会成本,人们已经在探索药物治疗以外的其他治疗方案。病例对照研究表明,饮食模式可能会影响多动症的风险,特定的饮食干预措施已被提议作为这种疾病的辅助治疗。这些措施包括营养补充剂、以肠道微生物为目标的生物制剂干预,以及消除饮食。

本文目的是研究哪些饮食模式与ADHD最相关,并总结现有的饮食干预的临床应用证据。文献显示,非健康的饮食模式与ADHD呈正相关,而健康的饮食模式则呈负相关。至于营养补充剂,当维生素D的基线水平不足/缺乏时,只有维生素D和维生素D+镁似乎能改善ADHD症状。关于生物制剂,只有鼠李糖乳杆菌GG和多品种益生菌补充剂被发现有证据。消除饮食的证据很少,而且会导致营养缺乏,因此建议谨慎行事。总的来说,要将这些饮食干预作为ADHD治疗的一部分来实施,还需要更有力的科学证据。

在多动症中,饮食模式似乎在发展或加重疾病症状的风险中起着重要作用,不健康的模式与这种病理学有最积极的联系,而健康的饮食模式与多动症有相反的关系。营养素水平的改变,如维生素D、铁、锌和PUFAs,也与ADHD的加重和发展有关。因此,饮食已成为治疗ADHD的一种选择。尽管如此,要将这些饮食干预措施作为ADHD治疗的一部分来实施,还需要更多强有力的科学证据。

 

参考文献:

Pinto S, Correia-de-Sá T, Sampaio-Maia B, Vasconcelos C, Moreira P, Ferreira-Gomes J. Eating Patterns and Dietary Interventions in ADHD: A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2022 Oct 16;14(20):4332. doi: 10.3390/nu14204332. PMID: 36297016.

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    2022-10-29 xulv123

    认真学习~~

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2097224, encodeId=1650209e2240f, content=认真学习~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cfb41991958, createdName=xulv123, createdTime=Sat Oct 29 10:20:36 CST 2022, time=2022-10-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2097191, encodeId=5837209e19170, content=加大研究力度,解决注意力缺陷多动症, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a5281475204, createdName=delianjihui, createdTime=Sat Oct 29 01:04:29 CST 2022, time=2022-10-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2097190, encodeId=ffb9209e19027, content=学习受益, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a5281475204, createdName=delianjihui, createdTime=Sat Oct 29 01:03:12 CST 2022, time=2022-10-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2097110, encodeId=44dd209e11063, content=好文章,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Fri Oct 28 18:21:22 CST 2022, time=2022-10-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-10-29 delianjihui

    加大研究力度,解决注意力缺陷多动症

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2097224, encodeId=1650209e2240f, content=认真学习~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cfb41991958, createdName=xulv123, createdTime=Sat Oct 29 10:20:36 CST 2022, time=2022-10-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2097191, encodeId=5837209e19170, content=加大研究力度,解决注意力缺陷多动症, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a5281475204, createdName=delianjihui, createdTime=Sat Oct 29 01:04:29 CST 2022, time=2022-10-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2097190, encodeId=ffb9209e19027, content=学习受益, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a5281475204, createdName=delianjihui, createdTime=Sat Oct 29 01:03:12 CST 2022, time=2022-10-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2097110, encodeId=44dd209e11063, content=好文章,谢谢分享。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTJlfgys76DEiaNtbYo2re3ibjrUPTRibEXRyFwAB4aAGiave842S0FQDf0wAoaH226NiaSoPPDzhndsf1g/132, createdBy=88b489038, createdName=yangchou, createdTime=Fri Oct 28 18:21:22 CST 2022, time=2022-10-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-10-29 delianjihui

    学习受益

    0

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    2022-10-28 yangchou

    好文章,谢谢分享。

    0

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