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达芬奇机器人手术可能有较高致死率 已致死144人

2015-07-23 煎蛋网 煎蛋网

根据一项涉及机器人设备和技术的医疗程序中死亡率的新研究,机器人手术还远未完美。 根据美国FDA的记录,机器人手术师在2000年至2013年间共涉及到144人的死亡。而且某些形式的机器人手术尤为危险:头部、颈部、心胸手术的风险几乎10倍于其他形式的手术。 机器人手术在近年大幅增加。在2007至2013年间,在美国有170万名病人进行了机器人手术,其中大部分是妇科和泌尿科。芝加哥拉什大学医学中

根据一项涉及机器人设备和技术的医疗程序中死亡率的新研究,机器人手术还远未完美。
根据美国FDA的记录,机器人手术师在2000年至2013年间共涉及到144人的死亡。而且某些形式的机器人手术尤为危险:头部、颈部、心胸手术的风险几乎10倍于其他形式的手术。

机器人手术在近年大幅增加。在2007至2013年间,在美国有170万名病人进行了机器人手术,其中大部分是妇科和泌尿科。芝加哥拉什大学医学中心的Jai Raman和几名同僚说:“但没有进行过手术机器人安全性和可靠性的综合研究。”

这些人着手分析FDA保存的记录来改变这一现状,FDA强制上报任何机器人手术事故。这个数据库名为“生产商和用户机构设备体验”(MAUDE),包含了2000至2013年间强制和自愿提交的报告。

Raman和同事们发现了超过一万份与机器人疗程有关的报告,其中超过1500例描述了对病人显著的负面影响。平均上,这代表了每十万次治疗中有550例不良事件。
在此期间机器人治疗的数量大幅上升。于是死亡和致伤数量也自2006年增加了30倍。然而,每次治疗事故数自2007年来多少保持稳定。
Raman和同事们说不良事件可分为五种类型。这些包括设备在手术中拉弧或打火,这些事件在2000至2013年间烧伤了193名病人;另一个事故分类中烧焦或脱落的零件掉进病人体内,发生了100多次并杀死1人;另一个分类涉及仪器不受控制地移动,致伤52人并杀死其中2人。像视频卡死之类系统错误贡献了几乎800例其他不良事件。

奇怪的是,尽管该数据包含了144起机器人手术期间死亡的报告,只有很少一小部分病例详细记述了所涉及的情况。然而,这些事故中超过60%是由设备故障引起的,其余的则由误操作和手术固有风险等因素引起。

某些形式的手术风险比其他手术更大这一事实引人关注。Raman和同事们说:“在心胸、头、颈手术中较高的不良事件致伤、致死率,可以间接地用这些手术更高的复杂性、更不常用机器人设备、该领域机器人专业知识不够来解释。”

这个大概宽慰不了潜在的病人们。更不用说FDA收集这些数据的方式意味着这些数字几乎肯定低估了死伤程度的真实水平。

对于任何将要进行机器人手术的人来说,这是一个让人暂停下来思考的有趣研究。这些手术中的绝大部分没有任何不良事故。但Raman和同事们显示即使没有导致受伤或死亡,还是有显著的比例遭受到某种形式的问题。他们总结道:“设备和仪器故障已经影响了数千名病人和手术团队,导致并发症和延长的手术时间。”

然而,Raman和同事们没法讨论的是这些致伤和致死率与未使用机器人技术的手术如何比较。没有这方面的信息,那就很难断定机器人到底是不是在帮倒忙。
不管怎样,改进的空间还是有的,Raman和同事们说:“改善事故调查和汇报机制,以及安全化设计技术应该发展起来在未来降低事故率。”

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    2016-01-24 axin009
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    2015-07-25 xue8602
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