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Stem Cell: ES细胞改善帕金森病症状

2012-09-11 陈蓉 科技部

       日本京都大学再生医科学研究所高桥淳副教授的研究小组成功地利用胚胎干细胞(ES细胞)培养出神经细胞,并将其移植到患有帕金森病的猿猴脑中,使得原先几乎瘫痪的猿猴能够来回走动,极大改善了症状。此项技术在灵长类动物身上成功应用尚属世界首次,是临床医学的一大进步。相关研究成果发表于美国科学期刊STEM CELLS(电子版)。  &nb

       日本京都大学再生医科学研究所高桥淳副教授的研究小组成功地利用胚胎干细胞(ES细胞)培养出神经细胞,并将其移植到患有帕金森病的猿猴脑中,使得原先几乎瘫痪的猿猴能够来回走动,极大改善了症状。此项技术在灵长类动物身上成功应用尚属世界首次,是临床医学的一大进步。相关研究成果发表于美国科学期刊STEM CELLS(电子版)。
       帕金森病(Parkinson‘s disease)的症状主要表现为患者动作缓慢,手脚或身体其它部分的震颤,身体失去柔软性,变得麻痹僵硬,晚期患者大多伴有痴呆或抑郁症状。此病症是因缺少脑神经传达物质多巴胺所引起,预防困难,是一种慢性神经疑难疾病。

       ES细胞是从早期胚胎(原肠胚期之前)或原始性腺中分离出来的一类细胞,具有体外培养无限增殖、自我更新和多向分化的特性。此次高桥淳副教授的研究小组从受精后1周的受精卵内侧取出一部分细胞进行培养,制作成ES细胞。接着,使ES细胞经过42天的生长,使其变为发育成神经的细胞,制作成含有35%的能够分泌多巴胺的细胞团块。再将细胞团块分别移植到4只患有帕金森病的猿猴脑内。结果,在6个月之后猿猴的手足震颤均消失,从原先抱着笼子不能活动的瘫痪状态变为能够在笼子中来回走动。通过检查发现,猿猴的脑中长成了新的神经细胞。

       此前,高桥淳副教授的研究小组曾利用与ES细胞具有相同机能的诱导性多能干细胞(iPS细胞)制成多巴胺神经细胞并移植到1只猿猴的脑中,成功地改善了其帕金森的症状。此次在4只猿猴身上均得到了再次验证。此项研究成果被认为是攻克帕金森病治疗难关的重要突破,具有深远的意义。

拓展阅读:                

  • Nat Commun:揭示胚胎干细胞分化成机体成熟细胞的机制
  • Diabetes:胚胎干细胞移植治疗糖尿病动物实验获成功
  • Neuron:胚胎干细胞用于治疗神经性疼痛
  • Mol Cell:胚胎干细胞可以感知DNA损伤发生“自杀”行为
  • PNAS:利用人胚胎干细胞可成功分化为骨细胞
  • Nat Biotech:人胚胎干细胞体外培养过程会发生遗传变异
  • 美国实施首例利用胚胎干细胞医治失明手术
  • Nature:人类胚胎干细胞的新调控因子
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      2012-10-05 一叶知秋
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    Baidu
    map