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Neuron:帕金森病三十年来新突破!导致运动障碍的罪魁祸首或不是消失的多巴胺

2017-10-22 代丝雨 奇点网

近期发表在《细胞》子刊《神经元》杂志上的一项研究可能要颠覆这一传统认知了。来自韩国科学技术高级研究所(KAIST)和南洋理工大学的科学家发现,增加基底神经节的抑制信号,竟然会让丘脑更加兴奋,从而增加肌肉活动乃至震颤!这也就能解释,为什么很多患者吃了可以增加多巴胺水平的左旋多巴,反倒抖得更加厉害了。

200年前,英国医生James Parkinson描述了一种会不由自主地颤抖的疾病,就是我们现在所说的帕金森病。治疗它的治疗药物有六大类,但是万变不离其宗,它们都是以直接增加脑内多巴胺的水平、或延缓多巴胺的代谢分解为中心来实现治疗目的的。毕竟在大家的认知中,帕金森病的一个主要病理特征就是多巴胺能神经元死亡,多巴胺分泌减少。这导致基底神经节的抑制信号减少,丘脑兴奋的状态就是病因所在。但是!近期发表在《细胞》子刊《神经元》杂志上的一项研究可能要颠覆这一传统认知了。来自韩国科学技术高级研究所(KAIST)和南洋理工大学的科学家发现,增加基底神经节的抑制信号,竟然会让丘脑更加兴奋,从而增加肌肉活动乃至震颤!这也就能解释,为什么很多患者吃了可以增加多巴胺水平的左旋多巴,反倒抖得更加厉害了。棕色为丘脑,紫色为基底神经节基底神经节发出的信号在丘脑汇总,丘脑将运动信号投射到大脑皮层,引起肢体活动大家知道,我们的大脑工作起来是非常复杂的,这个“司令塔”要分成好多个部门。简单来说,“参谋部”基底神经节发出信号,到了“情报中心”丘脑引起神经元的响应,“通信员”大脑皮层得到了动作指令,相应的“执行部队”也就是

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    2018-03-26 by2021
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    2018-02-07 zxxiang
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    2017-10-24 麻醉僧

    学长

    0

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    2017-10-23 15938038573红旗飘飘

    已学习并已分享

    0

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