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Blood:新冠肺炎或MIS-C儿童和青少年患者的血栓发生率

2021-07-22 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

新冠肺炎或 MIS-C患儿的院内死亡率为2.3%(13/564),但发生了TE的患儿的死亡率激增至28%(5/18)

中心点| 癌症、中心静脉导管、年龄较大和 MIS-C 都是新冠肺炎或 MIS-C 儿童和青少年患者血栓形成的危险因素;发生血栓形成的 MIS-C 或新冠肺炎儿童和青少年患者的死亡率很高 (28%)。

由新冠肺炎病毒(SARS-CoV-2)引发的新冠肺炎(COVID-19)与成人血栓形成并发症有关,但在儿童和青少年中,新冠肺炎相关血栓形成的发生率尚不清楚。

大多数患有急性新冠肺炎的儿童病情较轻,但凝血功能障碍与儿童多系统炎症综合征 (MIS-C,一种感染后并发症) 相关。

Whitworth等研究人员开展了一项多中心回顾性队列研究,以确定新冠肺炎或 MIS-C 住院患儿血栓形成的发生率,并评估相关危险因素。

研究人员将患儿分为了3组进行分析:新冠肺炎组、MIS-C组或无症状感染组。

按剂量强度划分的临床亚组中接受预防性抗凝治疗的住院病人比例

纳入了814位患者,共853次住院(新冠肺炎 426例、MIS-C 138例、无症状感染者 289例),其中20位患儿发生了血栓形成事件(TE;包括一例卒中)。与新冠肺炎或无症状感染相比,MIS-C患儿的血栓形成率最高(MIS-C vs 新冠 vs 无症状感染:6.5%[9例] vs 2.1%[9例] vs 0.7%[2例])

新冠肺炎或 MIS-C 患儿的预防性抗凝方案

在新冠肺炎或 MIS-C 患儿中,大多数 TE (89%) 发生在年龄≥12 岁的患儿。≥12 岁的 MIS-C 患儿的血栓形成率最高,高达19%(9/48)。值得注意的是,虽然进行了血栓预防,但71%的TE事件是在入院后发生的。

多变量分析发现,与血栓形成显著相关的因素有:≥12 岁、癌症、中心静脉导管和MIS-C新冠肺炎或 MIS-C患儿的院内死亡率为2.3%(13/564),但发生了TE的患儿的死亡率激增至28%(5/18)

综上所述,该研究结果有助于改进儿童血栓形成预防策略。

原始出处:

Hilary Whitworth, et al. Rate of thrombosis in children and adolescents hospitalized with COVID-19 or MIS-C. Blood (2021) 138 (2): 190–198. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2020010218

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    2021-07-22 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

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