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Lancet Psychiatry:营养精神病学——好心情可以吃出来!不信你试试~

2015-11-20 sapphira 译 MedSci原创

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你的大脑7*24小时地始终在努力工作,即使在睡觉的时候,它也要负责你的想法、行动、呼吸、心跳和感觉。这意味着大脑需要持续的能量供应,而能量则从你吃的食物中获得。不同的食物会有很大差别,简单来说,吃什么会影响你的大脑结构和功能,从而影响你的情绪。

像高级汽车一样,你的大脑在获得优质能量时才会最好地工作。吃高质量的含维生素、矿物质和抗氧化物质的食物可以焕发大脑活力、避免氧化应激——机体用氧时产生可以损伤细胞的废物(自由基)。

不幸的是,你的大脑可能因为你没吃优质食物而受到损害。例如高精制糖饮食就对大脑有害,不仅会破坏体内胰岛素平衡,还会提高感染和氧化应激风险。多个研究表明高精制糖饮食和大脑功能受损有关,甚至会导致情感障碍比如抑郁。当大脑缺乏优质营养素的时候,或者自由基和损伤细胞在脑部封闭空间堆积的时候,更会加重脑组织损伤,结果可想而知。

幸运的是,现在蓬勃发展的营养精神病学发现不仅是食物与感觉和行为有关,也与肠道中的菌群有关。

食物如何影响你的感受?

五羟色胺是帮助调节睡眠和食欲、缓和情绪和止痛的神经递质,95%产生于消化道。消化道有上亿的神经细胞或神经元,因此消化道并不只是帮你消化食物,还能影响你的情绪。这些神经元的功能和它们产生的神经递质比如五羟色胺受肠道菌群影响很大。这些细菌对健康很重要,有防御、控炎、吸收功能,还能激活肠道与大脑之间直接的神经通路。

研究表明人们服用益生菌时,焦虑和压力状况都会好很多。还有研究对比了传统饮食,例如地中海饮食或日本饮食和经典西方饮食,发现传统饮食的人们的抑郁的比率低25-35%。科学家们认为这归因于传统饮食中蔬菜水果、未经处理的谷类和鱼肉海鲜的比例高,只有少量瘦肉和奶,也几乎没有加工食品和糖,而这在西方饮食中是主要组成。还有一点就是未经处理的食材很多是发酵的,同时会提供很多天然益生菌。发酵的过程利用了细菌和酵母,将食物中的糖转化成二氧化碳、乙醇和乳酸,从而保护食物不变质,还可以增加独特的口感。

这也许听起来不可置信,但目前为止的研究结果都是这样神奇,益生菌不仅对消化吸收功能有益,还可以控制炎症、改善情绪。

这对我们意味着什么?

开始关注你自己吃不同食物的感受,不仅在当天注意,第二天也注意观察下。你可以尝试2-3周“清洁”食谱,不吃任何加工食物和糖,加一点发酵食物比如泡菜、日本豆酱、酸菜、腌菜、康普茶。也可以再试试不吃奶制品,还有一些人感觉他们不吃谷物更舒服一些。这因人而异。然后把食物一种一种加回你的食谱,再看看感觉如何。

当我的病人吃清洁食谱时,他们简直不敢相信自己身心都感觉更舒服,当他们把可能增加炎症的食物加回来的时候,他们明显感觉变差了。试试吧!

原始出处:

Eva Selhub.Nutritional psychiatry: Your brain on food. Harvard Health Blog.Nov 16,2015

Sarris J, Logan AC, et al.Nutritional medicine as mainstream in psychiatry.Lancet Psychiatry. 2015 Mar;2(3):271-4. 


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    2016-12-09 MyQueen

    真的么?我心情不好的时候,尤其是事情不顺利的时候,觉得没脸吃饭

    0

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  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=161517, encodeId=7f4416151eb6, content=真的么?我心情不好的时候,尤其是事情不顺利的时候,觉得没脸吃饭, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=101, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=29ab1719082, createdName=MyQueen, createdTime=Fri Dec 09 19:51:44 CST 2016, time=2016-12-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2028170, encodeId=4b3d20281e044, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7dd3e654609' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#精神病学#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76546, encryptionId=7dd3e654609, topicName=精神病学)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=284b425, createdName=zll0625, createdTime=Fri Aug 26 09:15:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=102872, encodeId=a5981028e216, content=继续学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Wed Aug 24 10:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=102873, encodeId=4c511028e37f, content=继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Wed Aug 24 10:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1828310, encodeId=13dc18283105b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Mon Feb 22 20:15:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1791949, encodeId=52f81e919491e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=696a14818df' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Psychiatry#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14818, encryptionId=696a14818df, topicName=Psychiatry)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c192448, createdName=diushouji, createdTime=Thu Jul 21 16:15:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-08-24 doctorJiangchao

    继续学习

    0

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    2016-08-24 doctorJiangchao

    继续关注

    0

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    2016-02-22 howi
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