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Cell:研究发现RNA病毒逃逸机体天然免疫机理

2013-03-05 黄辛 中国科学报

中国工程院院士曹雪涛研究团队在最新研究中,获得了RNA病毒如何通过其独特方式逃逸天然免疫细胞监控清除作用的研究结果,并发现了天然免疫识别与调控的新型分子机制。相关研究论文近日发表在《细胞》(Cell)杂志上。 巨噬细胞、树突状细胞等天然免疫细胞,是机体感知与识别外源病原体入侵的第一道防线。天然免疫细胞如何敏感而特异性地识别病毒感染并诱导产生I型干扰素以清除病毒的分子机制,是当今免疫学界重要科学问

中国工程院院士曹雪涛研究团队在最新研究中,获得了RNA病毒如何通过其独特方式逃逸天然免疫细胞监控清除作用的研究结果,并发现了天然免疫识别与调控的新型分子机制。相关研究论文近日发表在《细胞》(Cell)杂志上。

巨噬细胞、树突状细胞等天然免疫细胞,是机体感知与识别外源病原体入侵的第一道防线。天然免疫细胞如何敏感而特异性地识别病毒感染并诱导产生I型干扰素以清除病毒的分子机制,是当今免疫学界重要科学问题之一。目前,学界尚不十分清楚病毒如何能够逃逸天然免疫的监控清除而感染机体,甚至造成慢性病毒感染。

针对该挑战性课题,曹雪涛率领浙江大学医学院免疫学研究所、第二军医大学免疫学研究所暨医学免疫学国家重点实验室、中国医学科学院医学分子生物学国家重点实验室与免疫学系联合攻关,利用该团队成熟的天然免疫研究技术体系,筛选到RNA病毒感染巨噬细胞之后能够特异性诱导表达的一个膜分子——Siglec-G (唾液酸结合性免疫球蛋白样凝集素-G),并通过体内外实验,发现Siglec-G 能够在巨噬细胞和树突状细胞中以负反馈方式抑制RNA病毒识别受体RIG-I所触发的I型干扰素的产生,从而帮助RNA病毒逃逸机体天然免疫。

据论文第一作者、陈玮琳博士介绍,他们通过蛋白质谱分析和免疫共沉淀技术,发现Siglec-G可促进E3泛素酶c-Cbl介导的RIG-I泛素化及蛋白降解,并通过这种RIG-I翻译后修饰的新方式抑制RIG-I的活化及其触发的I型干扰素的产生。

相关专家表示,该研究明确了Siglec-G在抗病毒天然免疫反应中的负向调控作用及其抑制RIG-I信号途径的相关分子机制,为深入了解抗病毒天然免疫应答和明确RNA病毒与机体相互作用机制的研究开辟了新思路,也为抗病毒药物设计提供了新的潜在靶点。

据悉,该项研究得到了国家自然科学基金重点项目和“973”计划免疫学项目的资助。

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.01.011 
PMC:
PMID:

Induction of Siglec-G by RNA Viruses Inhibits the Innate Immune Response by Promoting RIG-I Degradation

Weilin Chen, Chaofeng Han, Bin Xie, Xiang Hu, Qian Yu, Liyun Shi, Qingqing Wang, Dongling Li, Jianli Wang, Pan Zheng, Yang Liu, Xuetao Cao

RIG-I is a critical RNA virus sensor that serves to initiate antiviral innate immunity. However, posttranslational regulation of RIG-I signaling remains to be fully understood. We report here that RNA viruses, but not DNA viruses or bacteria, specifically upregulate lectin family member Siglecg expression in macrophages by RIG-I- or NF-B-dependent mechanisms. Siglec-G-induced recruitment of SHP2 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase c-Cbl to RIG-I leads to RIG-I degradation via K48-linked ubiquitination at Lys813 by c-Cbl. By increasing type I interferon production, targeted inactivation of Siglecg protects mice against lethal RNA virus infection. Taken together, our data reveal a negative feedback loop of RIG-I signaling and identify a Siglec-G-mediated immune evasion pathway exploited by RNA viruses with implication in antiviral applications. These findings also provide insights into the functions and crosstalk of Siglec-G, a known adaptive response regulator, in innate immunity.

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    2015-04-12 吴颖

    癌症与自身免疫有关吗?

    0

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    2013-12-02 维他命
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