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听力筛查未通过就是听力障碍吗?

2014-02-20 佚名 聋人网

经常有焦急的家长带着刚出生几天或者不满6个月的孩子到耳鼻咽喉科门诊要求查“听力”,说孩子生下来第一次听力检查没有通过,是不是“聋子”?这些家长往往显得急躁、焦虑和不知所措,其实这样的担心有时候是多余的。遇到这样的家长,就需专科医生耐心地解释以及进一步详细的检查,帮助他们缓解焦虑,正确对待这个问题。 听力筛查写着未通过就是听力障碍吗?其实不然。听力筛查的方法主要是耳声发射,该方法简单易行,费用较低

经常有焦急的家长带着刚出生几天或者不满6个月的孩子到耳鼻咽喉科门诊要求查“听力”,说孩子生下来第一次听力检查没有通过,是不是“聋子”?这些家长往往显得急躁、焦虑和不知所措,其实这样的担心有时候是多余的。遇到这样的家长,就需专科医生耐心地解释以及进一步详细的检查,帮助他们缓解焦虑,正确对待这个问题。

听力筛查写着未通过就是听力障碍吗?其实不然。听力筛查的方法主要是耳声发射,该方法简单易行,费用较低,容易推广。除了用于新生儿筛查,幼儿园听力保健也采用这个方法,但是该方法有很多的干扰因素,如外耳道耵聍堵塞及其他外耳道疾患、中耳的疾患、操作方法以及环境干扰因素等,故一两次听力筛查未通过未必是一定有听力问题,需要专科医生做排除,对于3个月以下的听力筛查两次未通过的孩子可继续观察,不必急于行诊断性听力检查。

听力筛查过程包括初筛、复筛和确诊。新生儿生后3-5天会进行听力初筛,即筛查性耳声发射,有条件加自动脑干诱发电位(ABR),未通过者在生后42天进行复筛(方法同初筛),还未通过者3月龄时进行诊断性耳声发射、ABR、多频稳态(ASSR)、声阻抗检查作第一次确诊。对于重度或极重度聋患儿4个月要进行听力干预,对于轻度或重度聋患儿在6月龄时行第二次确诊检查,若诊断明确则需要尽早进行对症的干预及治疗。

新生儿的残疾中耳聋发生率排第一位,全世界都很重视,故全世界将新生儿听力筛查纳入妇幼保健的常规项目,随着新生儿听力筛查越来越普及,提高了耳聋,特别是感音性耳聋的早期诊断,为耳聋患者的早期干预和治疗提供了可能性。只要家长对听力筛查的流程有了详细的了解,遇到听力筛查未通过的情况也就不会太过焦虑了。

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    2014-02-22 ysjykql
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