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Lacnet:艾曲波帕对慢性免疫性血小板减少症儿童患者是有效的

2015-10-24 seven L 译 MedSci原创

对患有慢性免疫性血小板减少症的成年患者,促血小板生成素受体激动剂艾曲波帕被证明是安全、可耐受、且有效的。研究者进行了一项研究(PETIT2),探究该药物对慢性免疫性血小板减少症的儿童患者的安全性和有效性。PETIT2是在12个国家38个中心进行的随机、多中心、安慰剂对照试验。参与者为1-17岁慢性免疫性血小板减少症患者,其血小板计数低于30 × 109 /L,将其随机分为艾曲波帕组和对照组。研究者

对患有慢性免疫性血小板减少症的成年患者,促血小板生成素受体激动剂艾曲波帕被证明是安全、可耐受且有效的。研究者进行了一项研究(PETIT2),探究该药物对慢性免疫性血小板减少症的儿童患者的安全性和有效性。

PETIT2是在12个国家38个中心进行的随机、多中心、安慰剂对照试验。参与者为1-17岁慢性免疫性血小板减少症患者,其血小板计数低于30 × 109 /L,将其随机分为艾曲波帕组和对照组。研究者还根据年龄将其分层 (12–17岁、 6–11 岁、 1–5 岁)。艾曲波帕组:1-5岁儿童口服混悬制剂,其余则服用药片 qd,共13周。6-17岁患者根据体重、种族将初始剂量控制在50 mg/天-25 mg/天之间(1-5岁:1.2mg/kg/天 或0.8mg/kg/天(东亚人))。完成该双盲试验的病人将会进入为期24周的开放治疗实验,所有病人将会接受艾曲波帕治疗,安慰剂组以初始剂量开始治疗,实验组按照确定的剂量继续治疗。

该研究开始于2012年3月15日,92名患者参与,到2014年1月2日结束。63名患者分到艾曲波帕组,29名为对照组。在双盲试验期,3名患者因为不良反应中止试验:2名患者退出试验组,由于肝功的损伤,1名对照组患者因腹腔出血退出试验。双盲试验过程中,在第6周或8周血小板计数≥ 50 × 109 /L的患者在艾曲波帕组有25 (40%)人,对照组有1(3%)(OR=18.0,95% CI, 0.3-140.9;p=0.004)。所有队列的反应率相似:艾曲波帕组vs 对照组  12–17岁 39% vs 10%; 6–11 岁 42% vs 0%; 1–5 岁 36% vs 0%。双盲试验结束时,实验组1-4级出血风险比对照组成比例下降 (23/63 [37%] vs 16/29 [55%] ) ;2-4级两组间差异不大(3 [5%] vs 2 [7%])。

在为期24周的开放实验中,70/87[80%]名患者血小板计数曾达到过50 × 109 /L。实验过程中不良反应事件在艾曲波帕组更常见:鼻咽炎(11 [17%] )、鼻炎 (10 [16%])、上呼吸道感染(7 [11%] )、 咳嗽 (7 [11%])。艾曲波帕组中有5(8%)名患者出现了严重不良反应事件,该数据在对照组为4(14%)。无论是开放性试验期间还是双盲试验期间,艾曲波帕的安全性是一致的。整个研究期间没有发生死亡、肿瘤或血栓形成事件。

研究结果表明,艾曲波帕对40%的免疫性血小板减少症的儿童患者,可持续产生血小板,即是说有效的,因此该药物可以作为儿童患者的治疗方案选择。研究期间虽然有很少的患者因为不良反应退出试验,不过研究者并没有发现新的有关于安全性的问题。

原始出处:

John D Grainger, Franco Locatelli, et al.Eltrombopag for children with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (PETIT2): a randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled trial.Lancet. 24 October 2015

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