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NEJM:预防性PCI可降低STEMI患者的心血管不良事件风险(PRAMI研究)

2013-09-03 MedSci MedSci原创

图1. 主要终点的Kaplan–Meier曲线 关键要点: 预防性PCI指在有显著狭窄但尚未梗死的动脉血管进行PCI治疗PRAMI研究旨在评估预防性PCI对STEMI患者的疗效PRAMI研究中,预防性PCI治疗可降低STEMI患者心源性、非致命性心梗和难治性心绞痛引发的死亡风险。 对于急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者,临床医生对发生梗死的病变血管行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(


图1. 主要终点的Kaplan–Meier曲线

关键要点:


  • 预防性PCI指在有显著狭窄但尚未梗死的动脉血管进行PCI治疗
  • PRAMI研究旨在评估预防性PCI对STEMI患者的疗效
  • PRAMI研究中,预防性PCI治疗可降低STEMI患者心源性、非致命性心梗和难治性心绞痛引发的死亡风险。
对于急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者,临床医生对发生梗死的病变血管行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)可改善临床预后,但PCI术在显著狭窄但尚未梗死的冠状动脉治疗(预防性PCI术)
中的意义尚不清楚。为此,研究人员进行了PRAMI这一研究,研究结果发表在2013年9月1日NEJM杂志上。

2008年至2013年间,研究人员在英国5个医学中心招募了465名正接受梗死动脉PCI治疗的STEMI患者,其中3名患者伴有左束支传导阻滞。研究人员将受试者随机分配为两组,一组接受预防性PCI治疗,一组未接受预防性PCI治疗。只有患者出现难治性心绞痛并伴缺血证据时,才建议对患者进行后续PCI治疗心绞痛。研究主要终点为心源性、非致命性心肌梗死或难治性心绞痛引起的死亡。

2013年1月,数据和安全监督委员会认定研究结果可信,并建议提前终止试验。受试者平均随访23个月后,预防性PCI治疗组和未接受预防性PCI治疗组分别有21名(9%)和53名(23%)患者发生主要终点事件,其中主要终点的三个组成成分心源性死亡、非致命性心肌梗死致死和难治性心绞痛致死的危险比分别为0.34、0.32和0.35。

本次研究发现,对于接受梗死动脉PCI术的ST段抬高型心梗和多血管冠状动脉疾病患者而言,预防性PCI治疗可显著降低心血管不良事件风险。

原始出处:
Wald DS, Morris JK, Wald NJ, Chase AJ, Edwards RJ, Hughes LO, Berry C, Oldroyd KG; the PRAMI Investigators.Randomized Trial of Preventive Angioplasty in Myocardial Infarction. N Engl J Med. 2013 Sep 1.
全文下载Randomized Trial of Preventive Angioplasty in Myocardial Infarction.

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     9月17日《欧洲心脏杂志》(Eur Heart J)发表一项针对真实世界的非选择性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者(STEMI)的研究,结果表明尤其对于总缺血时间较短的患者,直接经皮冠脉介入治疗(PPCI)术中行血栓抽吸可显著降低死亡率。  研究者于2008-2011年间共搜集2567例接受PPCI治疗的STEMI 患者。采用Cox比例风险模型和多元逻辑回归分析校正

CCI:达比加群并不能减少STEMI后行直接PCI术患者的梗死面积

HIRIZON-AMI研究是一项大型、前瞻性、随机的急性心肌梗死患者接受再血管化治疗和支架的预后研究。在这项研究中比较了在ST段抬高性心肌梗死患者在直接PCI术后,使用直接凝血酶原抑制剂达比加群与普通肝素加糖蛋白IIb/IIIa受体拮抗剂对全因死亡率和心血管死亡的影响。由于减少大出血事件方面的效应,达比加群组的死亡率较低。但对STEMI患者而言,心肌梗死面积是除了大出血之外的一项影响预后的重要因素

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