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Lancet Oncol:长春新碱联合地塞米松冲击治疗低危ALL患儿1年或就足矣!

2021-07-28 Nebula MedSci原创

对于低危急性淋巴细胞白血病儿童,长春新碱联合地塞米松冲击治疗1年或就足矣

长春新碱联合地塞米松冲击疗法通常用于儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)的整个维持治疗。但是,既往研究仍不能确定这种维持疗法的益处,而且在低风险或高风险ALL患者中缺乏随机、对照试验研究。

近日发表在柳叶刀子刊“Lancet Oncology”上的一项在中国的20家大型医疗中心开展的开放标签、随机化的3期非劣效性试验,旨在明确这种疗法在不同危险亚组的儿童ALL中,是否可以在治疗1年后安全地省略而不会导致不良结果。

该试验招募了0-18岁的新确诊的ALL患儿,要求在初始治疗后缓解持续时间达到1年,同时派出继发性恶性肿瘤或原发性免疫缺陷的患儿。根据最小残留病灶和白血病细胞的免疫表型和遗传特征,将受试患者分为低危、中-高危型ALL。每个风险队列的患者都被1:1分成两组,在治疗后第2年接受(实验组)或不接受(对照组)7次长春新碱+地塞米松冲击治疗。主要终点是5年无事件生存率。

2015年1月1日至2020年2月20日期间,共招募了6141位新确诊的ALL患儿。大约在确诊和治疗后1年,仍处于缓解期的5054位患儿被随机分组,包括2923位(对照组 1442位,实验组 1481位)低危型ALL和2131位(对照组 1071位,实验组 1060位)中-高危型ALL。

低危队列患儿的EFS和OS

分析时仍活着的患儿的中位随访时间为3.7年。在低危型ALL患儿中,对照组和实验组之间观察到的5年无事件生存率无差异(90.3% vs 90.2%;p=0.90)。5年无事件生存率差异的单边95%CI为0.024,确定非劣效性。在中-高危型ALL患儿中,对照组和实验组之间的5年无事件生存率也无差异(82.8% vs 80.8%;p=0.90),但是单边95%CI上限为0.055,实验组的结果处于边缘劣势。

中高危队列患儿的EFS和OS

在低危队列中,对照组和实验组患儿在维持治疗第2年的感染率、症状性骨坏死或其他并发症方面没有差异。与实验组相比,对照组中-高危患儿更容易发生3-4级肺炎(2.4% vs 0.9%)和长春新碱相关周围神经病变(1.6% vs 0.6%)。5级致命性感染发生率在不同风险队列的对照组和实验组之间相近。

总而言之,对于低危急性淋巴细胞白血病儿童,长春新碱联合地塞米松冲击治疗1年或就足矣;对于中高危患儿还需进一步研究。

原始出处:

Wenyu Yang, et al. Pulse therapy with vincristine and dexamethasone for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (CCCG-ALL-2015): an open-label, multicentre, randomised, phase 3, non-inferiority trial. The Lancet Oncology. July 27, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(21)00328-4

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    2021-12-02 howi
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    2021-07-30 膀胱癌
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    2021-07-29 goodbing

    顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多

    0

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    2021-07-29 anti-cancer

    谢谢梅斯分享这么多精彩信息

    0

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