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JAMA Netw open:川崎病患者对静脉注射免疫球蛋白无反应和冠状动脉异常的发生是否与年龄和性别有关?

2022-06-14 liangying MedSci原创

为了预防KD患者的CAA并发症,必须解决剩余风险和初始治疗对IVIG无反应的问题。

川崎病(KD)是一种系统性血管炎,主要影响5岁以下儿童。其特点是长期发热且对抗生素治疗无反应,具体表现为多形性皮疹,口腔粘膜、嘴唇、舌头、手掌和脚底的红斑等。KD常伴冠状动脉异常(CAAs),约15%至25%未经治疗的儿童出现冠状动脉瘤。KD急性期治疗的主要目标是迅速抑制患者的急性期全身炎症反应,并成功预防CAAs的发展。

KD急性期患者初期静脉注射免疫球蛋白(IVIG)后的难治性状态和持续发热是发生冠状动脉异常(CAAs)的危险因素。然而,尚不清楚是否存在不同的风险因素导致患儿最初对IVIG无反应。

这项回顾性队列研究包括从1999年10月1日至2019年9月30日KD患者数据库中连续采样的2414例患者。这些数据基于年度调查(回复率100%),调查使用的是日本和歌山县各地医院的医疗记录。数据分析时间为2022年3月6日至3月26日。根据日本卫生部标准,在KD发病1个月后进行超声心动图检查,以评估是否存在CAAs。使用多变量logistic回归模型计算KD发病时患者年龄95%CI对IVIG无反应和发生CAA的优势比(OR)。

研究最后共纳入2414名患者:550名年龄在12个月以下,1342名年龄在12至47个月之间,522名年龄在47个月以上。共有535名患者(22.2%)接受了选择性或晚期治疗,68名患者(2.8%)在发病后1个月出现CAAs。年龄小于12个月的患者对IVIG无反应的性别调整OR为0.77,发生CAAs的性别调整OR为1.94。在47个月以上的患者中,对IVIG无反应的OR为1.32,发生CAAs的OR为2.47。调整静脉注射免疫球蛋白后,47个月以上的男孩对静脉注射免疫球蛋白无反应的ORs为1.14,CAAs发展的ORs为2.15。在12个月以下的女孩中,对IVIG无反应的OR为1.02,发生CAAs的OR为3.79。

KD发病后1个月CAAs发展的数据,按KD发病时的3类患者年龄分层

总之,这项队列研究确定了KD患儿对IVIG初始治疗无反应与发生CAAs之间的危险相关性。在易感的KD患者中,可能存在与初始IVIG治疗无关的潜在危险因素,导致最后发展成了CAAs。因此,为了预防KD患者的CAA并发症,必须解决剩余风险和初始治疗对IVIG无反应的问题。

参考文献:Takekoshi N, Kitano N, Takeuchi T, et al. Analysis of Age, Sex, Lack of Response to Intravenous Immunoglobulin, and Development of Coronary Artery Abnormalities in Children With Kawasaki Disease in Japan. JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(6):e2216642. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.16642

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    2022-06-20 feather89
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    2023-05-11 医者仁心
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    2022-07-16 xzw113
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    2022-11-30 fusion
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    2022-06-15 肿瘤克星

    JAMA上文章都是顶级的,谢谢梅斯及时上新

    0

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