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Advanced Science and Matter:生物材料的免疫控制可以减少植入物的排斥反应

2020-05-10 Lauren 转化医学网

导言:生物材料植入人体内后,会对局部组织和全身产生作用和影响。主要包括局部的组织反应和全身的免疫反应。可植入的医疗器械受到制造它们的生物材料的异物反应的限制。这种反应可导致慢性炎症、组织损伤和纤维化,

导言:生物材料植入人体内后,会对局部组织和全身产生作用和影响。主要包括局部的组织反应和全身的免疫反应。可植入的医疗器械受到制造它们的生物材料的异物反应的限制。这种反应可导致慢性炎症、组织损伤和纤维化,从而导致器械排斥和失效。来自诺丁汉大学药物和生命科学学院的研究小组最近发现,高分子材料的表面形状(地形)和化学成分可以发生改变,从而产生控制身体免疫反应的材料。

来自诺丁汉大学药物和生命科学学院的研究小组发现,高分子材料的表面形状(地形)和化学成分可以发生改变,从而产生控制身体免疫反应的材料。这可能在对抗包括人工关节、牙科植入物和血管植入物在内的医疗器械排斥反应方面有着未来的应用。最近这两项研究结果已经发表在《高级科学与物质》(Advanced Science and Matter)杂志上了。

人工关节、支架和牙科植入物是最普遍的使用生物材料来恢复功能,或完全替换病变或受损组织的设备。然而,生物材料植入体内后,宿主反应很普遍,包括一些例如炎症、异物反应(FBR)和纤维囊发育等反应,这些反应可导致植入失败。

这些反应是由附着在移植物表面的、被称为单核细胞和巨噬细胞的免疫细胞的激活所驱动的。被称为“地形”的材料或植入物表面的物理特性已知会影响巨噬细胞的附着。

本研究的共同负责人阿米尔·盖马加密(Amir Ghaemmaghami)解释说,“我们正在研究如何创造出能够安全放入体内的材料,而不会让免疫系统攻击人体并引发排斥反应,为此,我们正在探索能够控制免疫反应的材料,我们已经使用了高通量筛选技术来研究如何利用材料的形貌和化学特性来设计“免疫指示”表面,以便在植入物中使用,这会影响巨噬细胞的功能,进而影响异物对生物材料的反应。


高通量筛选方法的原理图,用于在体外和体内识别促使巨噬细胞表型向促炎或抗炎状态转变的Hit聚合物

控制免疫反应

最先进的高通量筛选方法对2176种不同微图形的材料样貌与免疫细胞黏附和行为之间的关系进行了研究。

这项研究的结果表明,直径5-10微米级柱状是驱动吞噬细胞黏附的关键,微米级柱状的密度是控制免疫反应的关键。


巨噬细胞表面表型及在均聚物阵列上的粘附

研究小组还发现了具有免疫指导作用的聚合物化学物质,成功地控制了临床前啮齿动物模型的免疫反应。这是通过筛选不同聚合物的文库和识别控制巨噬细胞行为的材料来实现的。人工智能算法被用来模拟材料化学和它们产生的细胞反应之间的关系。这些结果表明,不同的免疫指导性聚合物吸引不同数量的蛋白质吸附,这是巨噬细胞反应的关键。

盖马加密表示:“这些最新的发现增加了诺丁汉大学正在进行的大量材料研究,发现这些生物材料可能会真正改变医学植入领域的游戏规则是如此令人兴奋。将这些材料用于商业产品将是我们这项研究的最终目标。”

这项研究是与埃因霍温技术大学、澳大利亚拉特罗贝大学和马斯特里赫特大学合作进行的。它是由EPSRC计划资助的下一代生物材料发现项目,旨在发现新的生物材料。其目的是使研究人员能够超越目前已被许可用于人类的、现有的聚合物药物和细胞递送剂以及医疗器械聚合物的有限范围,来定制确定为特定应用的最佳功能的材料。

原始出处:

Hassan M Rostam, et.al. Immune-Instructive Polymers Control Macrophage Phenotype and Modulate the Foreign Body Response In VivO. Advanced Science and Matter

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objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=62686, encryptionId=fb916268636, topicName=植入物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=hb2008ye, createdTime=Tue May 12 01:16:20 CST 2020, time=2020-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1503006, encodeId=e90d15030067d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=129069358ec' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#生物材料#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=69358, encryptionId=129069358ec, topicName=生物材料)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=89399597484, createdName=dongjia2013, createdTime=Tue May 12 01:16:20 CST 2020, time=2020-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1520675, 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May 12 01:16:20 CST 2020, time=2020-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2020056, encodeId=90f42020056d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8544202eff' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Advanced#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2027, encryptionId=8544202eff, topicName=Advanced)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5cb32500112, createdName=1508842480_96220437, createdTime=Mon Apr 05 07:16:20 CST 2021, time=2021-04-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2038416, encodeId=4d6b203841667, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f7c61e90472' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TTE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17904, encryptionId=f7c61e90472, topicName=TTE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, 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objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=62686, encryptionId=fb916268636, topicName=植入物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=hb2008ye, createdTime=Tue May 12 01:16:20 CST 2020, time=2020-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1503006, encodeId=e90d15030067d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=129069358ec' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#生物材料#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=69358, encryptionId=129069358ec, topicName=生物材料)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=89399597484, createdName=dongjia2013, createdTime=Tue May 12 01:16:20 CST 2020, time=2020-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1520675, encodeId=272b15206e515, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a736264553' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#植入#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=62645, encryptionId=7a736264553, topicName=植入)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=832411313664, createdName=jiyangfei, createdTime=Tue May 12 01:16:20 CST 2020, time=2020-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1532151, encodeId=578a1532151bb, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=54bb56644f5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#排斥反应#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=56644, encryptionId=54bb56644f5, topicName=排斥反应)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=546412326777, createdName=smallant2006, createdTime=Tue May 12 01:16:20 CST 2020, time=2020-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-05-12 jichang
  6. 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  7. 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