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J Viral Hepat:慢乙肝患者HBeAg血清学转换后肝癌风险显著降低

2018-06-14 肝霖君 雨露肝霖

临床治愈和远期获益是现今乙肝研究的两个主流话题,也是乙肝治疗的两个主要目标。我们都知道HBsAg清除后,可最小化乙肝患者的肝癌发生风险,5年的肝癌发生率一般低于1%。但临床治愈并不是人人都能轻松实现的,金牌还未拿到,拿银牌有意义吗?

导读:临床治愈和远期获益是现今乙肝研究的两个主流话题,也是乙肝治疗的两个主要目标。我们都知道HBsAg清除后,可最小化乙肝患者的肝癌发生风险,5年的肝癌发生率一般低于1%。但临床治愈并不是人人都能轻松实现的,金牌还未拿到,拿银牌有意义吗?

HBeAg血清学转换往往提示了宿主获得了比较稳定的免疫学控制,因此可作为HBeAg阳性慢乙肝患者停药的重要指征之一,另外最重要的是HBeAg血清学转化的出现标志着长期预后的改善,如肝硬化、肝癌发生率的降低和疾病进展的减缓。

最近云南省第二人民医院医院的韦嘉教授团队在Journal of viral hepatitis上发表关于HBeAg血清学转换后肝癌发生风险的荟萃分析研究结果,结果发现,发生HBeAg血清学转换的慢乙肝患者的总体肝癌发生率为3.33%,显着低于HBeAg持续阳性的患者,其中无肝硬化、无HCV/HDV合并感染的总体肝癌发生率仅为0.94%。

研究设计

本研究采用系统性回顾和荟萃分析的方法确定慢乙肝患者发生HBeAg血清学转换后的肝癌发生率情况。研究者检索了Web ofScience, PubMed和EMBASE数据库,查找了2017年7月前的相关研究,采用随机效应模型或固定效应模型计算发生HBeAg血清学转换的慢乙肝患者的总体肝癌发生率。

共有16个研究的4910例获得HBeAg血清学转换的患者纳入本研究。

研究结果

获得HBeAg血清学转换后的总体合并肝癌发生率为3.33%,显着低于HBeAg持续阳性的患者

慢乙肝患者获得HBeAg血清学转换后总体的肝癌发生率为3.33%(95%CI: 2.28%-4.58%),其中在肝硬化、无HCV/HDV合并感染的慢乙肝患者获得HBeAg血清学转换后的肝癌发生率更低,仅为0.94%(95%CI: 0.15%-2.4%)。HBeAg血清学转换与肝癌发生风险降低显着相关(RR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.35–0.97, P = 0.04)。比较其中9个研究的肝癌发生率发现,HBeAg血清学转换后的HCC发生率显着低于HBeAg持续阳性对的CHB患者(3.37% vs. 7.4%; P = 0.02)。

自发和治疗后获得HBeAg血清学转换的慢乙肝患者的肝癌发生率相似

通过亚组分析发现,自发和治疗后获得HBeAg血清学转换的慢乙肝患者的肝癌发生率相似(3.13% vs. 3.66%,  P = 0.192)。然而,随访时间超过15年的研究的HBeAg血清学转换后的肝癌发生率显着高于少于15年的(4.31% vs. 2.58%,  P< 0.001)。根据地区不同而分析的亚洲和非亚洲慢乙肝患者获得HBeAg血清学转换后的肝癌发生率并无显着差异(3.57% vs. 2.22%, P = 0.186)。

肝硬化、活动性肝炎或发生HBeAg血清学转换时年龄>40岁的CHB患者肝癌风险显着较高

肝霖君有话说

随着乙肝治疗疗效的一步步增加,从铜牌到银牌再到金牌,患者的肝癌发生率是逐步降低的。因此,即便是慢乙肝患者还未获得金牌,但已获得了银牌,也是阶段性胜利,肝癌风险已有大幅度的降低。而能够让患者获得较高HBeAg血清学转换和HBsAg清除机会的抗病毒药物现阶段只有长效干扰素。因此,合理利用核苷类药物与长效干扰素的序贯和联合治疗,获得更高的慢乙肝治疗目标,最小化肝癌风险才是重中之重。

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    2019-03-05 sjq027
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    2018-06-16 xiaoshitou
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