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JAMA:USPSTF结直肠癌筛查最终建议:起始年龄从50岁更新为45岁

2021-05-19 Dr.Sun Nutrition & Health MedSci原创

美国预防医学工作组(USPSTF)的最终建议指出,结直肠癌筛查现在应从45岁开始,而不是50岁开始。

美国预防医学工作组(USPSTF)的最终建议指出,结直肠癌筛查现在应从45岁开始,而不是50岁开始。

美国预防医学工作组(USPSTF)结直肠癌筛查建议摘要

该建议最后敲定了2020年10月发布的指南草案,并规定保险范围,以确保无论患者的保险状况如何,都能平等地获得CRC筛查。

USPSTF的最终建议也与美国癌症协会的建议一致,该协会在2018年将CRC筛查的开始年龄降低到45岁。

新指南JAMA社论的主要作者,马萨诸塞州波士顿丹娜—法伯癌症研究所年轻型结直肠癌中心主任Kimmie Ng评论道:“新的统计数据预测,到2040年,年轻型结直肠癌的发病率将惊人地上升,预计将成为20至49岁患者癌症死亡的主要原因。”

她强调:“我们必须采取大胆的步骤,将降低筛查开始年龄转化为CRC发病率和死亡率的显著下降。”

5月18日,美国预防医学工作组(USPSTF)建议和大量证据在JAMA在线发表。

CRC的风险因素

正如USPSTF作者指出的,年龄是CRC最重要的风险因素之一,近94%的CRC新发病例发生在45岁及以上的成年人中。CRC筛查开始年龄降低的证据基于模拟模型,表明45岁开始筛查与50岁开始筛查相比,预计与额外增加22至27生命年有关。

USPSTF继续建议对所有50至75岁的成年人进行CRC筛查,将筛查年龄降低到45岁确认了以下事实:在2020年,11%的结肠癌和15%的直肠癌发生在50岁以下的患者中。

临床医生结直肠癌筛查摘要

USPSTF还继续得出结论,在以前接受过筛查的76至85岁成年人中,对CRC筛查有“低净获益”。

但是,筛查这一年龄组患者的决定应基于CRC的个体风险因素、患者的整体健康状况和个人偏好。也许不言而喻,这个年龄段从未接受过CRC筛查的成年人比之前接受过CRC筛查的成年人更有可能从CRC筛查中受益。

与先前2016年发布的指南类似,更新后的USPSTF建议继续提供筛查策略菜单,尽管每个筛查策略的筛查频率各不相同。推荐的筛查策略包括:

·高灵敏度愈创木脂粪便隐血检测或粪便免疫化学检测(FIT) 每年一次

·粪便DNA-FIT检测 每1到3年一次

·CT结肠成像检查 每5年一次

·软式乙状结肠镜检查 每5年一次

·软式乙状结肠镜检查 每10年一次 加上FIT每年一次

·结肠镜筛查 每10年一次

USPSTF成员Martha Kubik在一份声明中说:“根据证据,有许多检查可以有效地筛查结直肠癌,正确的检查就是完成检查。”

符合条件的患者

Ng在社论中指出,目前,美国只有不到70%符合条件的患者接受了CRC筛查。此外,CRC对非裔美国人患者的影响不成比例,与其他患者群体相比,非裔美国人患CRC的可能性要高20%,死于CRC的可能性要高40%。与USPSTF建议一起发表的模型研究表明,无论种族和性别如何,筛查都具有同等的益处,这强调了筛查依从性的重要性,特别是在受CRC影响不成比例的患者群体中。

结直肠癌是男性和女性癌症死亡的第三大原因,预计2021年美国有52980人死于结直肠癌。结直肠癌在65至74岁的人群中最为常见。据估计,10.5%的新发结直肠癌病例发生在50岁以下的人。从2000-2002年至2014-2016年,40至49岁成年人的结直肠癌(特别是腺癌)发病率增加了近15%。2016年,美国符合条件的成年人有26%从未接受过结直肠癌筛查,2018年,31%的成年人迄今未接受过筛查。

原始出处:

US Preventive Services Task Force; Karina W Davidson, Michael J Barry et al. Screening for Colorectal Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA. 2021 May 18;325(19):1965-1977.  doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.6238.

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    2022-03-31 zhmscau
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2058167, encodeId=c6da205816e6d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5e4d1348d5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#45岁#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1348, encryptionId=5e4d1348d5, topicName=45岁)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e94174, createdName=zhmscau, createdTime=Thu Mar 31 05:22:11 CST 2022, time=2022-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=995902, encodeId=a82099590254, content=很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210703/fc368262881247c6b5a3ee2ff3552eb8/39acd95721dc46fabccc1d5eed7b3935.jpg, createdBy=eaab5449346, createdName=layforyou, createdTime=Sat Jul 03 21:42:44 CST 2021, time=2021-07-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1453511, encodeId=d1b1145351116, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=098ee8679ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#结直肠#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78679, encryptionId=098ee8679ad, topicName=结直肠)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=9ace5575596, createdName=crystal0564, createdTime=Fri May 21 04:22:11 CST 2021, time=2021-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1537040, encodeId=d872153e040b3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7b6e18196cf' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#USPSTF#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=18196, encryptionId=7b6e18196cf, topicName=USPSTF)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=315112772198, createdName=lingqf, createdTime=Fri May 21 04:22:11 CST 2021, time=2021-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036625, encodeId=8817103662526, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Wed May 19 16:22:11 CST 2021, time=2021-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=966882, encodeId=9f7b9668822b, content=疾病年龄日渐缩小, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b2b82397018, createdName=12346c4dm64暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed May 19 14:05:43 CST 2021, time=2021-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-03 layforyou

    很好

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2058167, encodeId=c6da205816e6d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5e4d1348d5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#45岁#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1348, encryptionId=5e4d1348d5, topicName=45岁)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e94174, createdName=zhmscau, createdTime=Thu Mar 31 05:22:11 CST 2022, time=2022-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=995902, encodeId=a82099590254, content=很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210703/fc368262881247c6b5a3ee2ff3552eb8/39acd95721dc46fabccc1d5eed7b3935.jpg, createdBy=eaab5449346, createdName=layforyou, createdTime=Sat Jul 03 21:42:44 CST 2021, time=2021-07-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1453511, encodeId=d1b1145351116, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=098ee8679ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#结直肠#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78679, encryptionId=098ee8679ad, topicName=结直肠)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=9ace5575596, createdName=crystal0564, createdTime=Fri May 21 04:22:11 CST 2021, time=2021-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1537040, encodeId=d872153e040b3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7b6e18196cf' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#USPSTF#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=18196, encryptionId=7b6e18196cf, topicName=USPSTF)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=315112772198, createdName=lingqf, createdTime=Fri May 21 04:22:11 CST 2021, time=2021-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036625, encodeId=8817103662526, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Wed May 19 16:22:11 CST 2021, time=2021-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=966882, encodeId=9f7b9668822b, content=疾病年龄日渐缩小, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b2b82397018, createdName=12346c4dm64暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed May 19 14:05:43 CST 2021, time=2021-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-05-21 lingqf
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2058167, encodeId=c6da205816e6d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5e4d1348d5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#45岁#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1348, encryptionId=5e4d1348d5, topicName=45岁)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e94174, createdName=zhmscau, createdTime=Thu Mar 31 05:22:11 CST 2022, time=2022-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=995902, encodeId=a82099590254, content=很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210703/fc368262881247c6b5a3ee2ff3552eb8/39acd95721dc46fabccc1d5eed7b3935.jpg, createdBy=eaab5449346, createdName=layforyou, createdTime=Sat Jul 03 21:42:44 CST 2021, time=2021-07-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1453511, encodeId=d1b1145351116, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=098ee8679ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#结直肠#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78679, encryptionId=098ee8679ad, topicName=结直肠)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=9ace5575596, createdName=crystal0564, createdTime=Fri May 21 04:22:11 CST 2021, time=2021-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1537040, encodeId=d872153e040b3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7b6e18196cf' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#USPSTF#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=18196, encryptionId=7b6e18196cf, topicName=USPSTF)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=315112772198, createdName=lingqf, createdTime=Fri May 21 04:22:11 CST 2021, time=2021-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036625, encodeId=8817103662526, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Wed May 19 16:22:11 CST 2021, time=2021-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=966882, encodeId=9f7b9668822b, content=疾病年龄日渐缩小, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b2b82397018, createdName=12346c4dm64暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed May 19 14:05:43 CST 2021, time=2021-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-05-19 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2058167, encodeId=c6da205816e6d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5e4d1348d5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#45岁#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1348, encryptionId=5e4d1348d5, topicName=45岁)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e94174, createdName=zhmscau, createdTime=Thu Mar 31 05:22:11 CST 2022, time=2022-03-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=995902, encodeId=a82099590254, content=很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210703/fc368262881247c6b5a3ee2ff3552eb8/39acd95721dc46fabccc1d5eed7b3935.jpg, createdBy=eaab5449346, createdName=layforyou, createdTime=Sat Jul 03 21:42:44 CST 2021, time=2021-07-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1453511, encodeId=d1b1145351116, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=098ee8679ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#结直肠#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78679, encryptionId=098ee8679ad, topicName=结直肠)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=9ace5575596, createdName=crystal0564, createdTime=Fri May 21 04:22:11 CST 2021, time=2021-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1537040, encodeId=d872153e040b3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7b6e18196cf' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#USPSTF#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=18196, encryptionId=7b6e18196cf, topicName=USPSTF)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=315112772198, createdName=lingqf, createdTime=Fri May 21 04:22:11 CST 2021, time=2021-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1036625, encodeId=8817103662526, content=顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢梅斯带来这么高水平的研究报道,我们科里同事经常看梅斯,分享梅斯上的信息, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=旺医, createdTime=Wed May 19 16:22:11 CST 2021, time=2021-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=966882, encodeId=9f7b9668822b, content=疾病年龄日渐缩小, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b2b82397018, createdName=12346c4dm64暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed May 19 14:05:43 CST 2021, time=2021-05-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-05-19 12346c4dm64暂无昵称

    疾病年龄日渐缩小

    0

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