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AJG: 心理合并症对肠易激综合征患者预后的影响

2021-07-16 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

肠易激综合征 (IBS) 是一种常见的功能性胃肠道疾病,其特征是与大便形式或频率改变的伴有复发性腹痛的临床症状。

      肠易激综合征 (IBS) 是一种常见的功能性胃肠道疾病,其特征是与大便形式或频率改变的伴有复发性腹痛的临床症状。IBS 影响全球 5% 至 10% 的人口估计每年 IBS 的直接和间接医疗费用在欧洲高达 80 亿欧元,IBS 的病理生理学仍未完全了解,因此,目前的治疗策略旨在缓解临床症状。然而,有证据表明肠道和大脑之间的交流紊乱,包括内脏超敏反应和中枢神经系统疼痛处理的改变,这可能为 IBS 提供潜在的治疗目标。

 

      IBS 患者经常表现出心理合并症,尽管尚不清楚这是胃肠道症状的原因还是结果,但是与健康个体相比,IBS 患者的焦虑和抑郁更为常见。然而,尽管大多数研究都集中在焦虑和抑郁上,但还有其他心理并发症不仅与 IBS 共存,而且还与更严重的胃肠道症状有关。先前的横断面调查和病例对照研究检查了 IBS 中心理合并症的影响,表明 IBS 的严重程度与焦虑、抑郁、压力感知、躯体症状障碍和胃肠道症状特异性焦虑之间存在关联。而中枢神经调节剂,如三环类抗抑郁药,也可有效减轻 IBS 患者的症状。目前尚不清楚这些治疗的有益效果是由于对肠道的直接影响,还是对共存的心理障碍的治疗,从而改善了胃肠道症状。

 

      为此,研究人员收集了 807 名符合 IBS 罗马 IV 标准的IBS患者,并将患者的症状和心理合并症数据(焦虑、抑郁、躯体症状障碍、感知压力和胃肠道症状特异性焦虑)进行了收集。在 12 个月时,研究人员收集了有关 IBS 症状严重程度和影响,并检查了基线时心理合并症对后续 IBS 疾病行为的累积影响。

 

 

      研究结果显示在基线时, 807 名参与者中,177 人 (21.9%) 有 1种心理合并症、139 人(17.2%) 有2种心理合并症、103 人(12.8%) 有3种心理合并症、89人 (11.0%) 有4 种心理合并症、 54人 (6.7%) 有5 种心理合并症。基线时的 IBS 症状严重程度随着心理合并症的数量而显着增加(有 5 种心理合并症的患者中有 72.2% 报告了严重的症状,而那些没有症状的患者中比例只有 29.1%,P < 0.001)。在 12 个月后随访的 452 名 (56.0%) 参与者中,基线时心理合并症数量较多的受试者更可能去看胃肠病专家(有 5 种心理合并症的受试者中为 33.3%,没有心理合并症的受试者为 21.4%,P = 0.001)。

 

      本项研究证实罗马 IV 定义的 IBS 患者的预后随着心理合并症的增加而恶化。这具有重要的临床和研究意义。

 

 

原始出处:

Goodoory, Vivek C. et al. Impact of Psychological Comorbidity on the Prognosis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. The American Journal of Gastroenterology.2021.

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    2021-09-12 minzju5052
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