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JAMA Cardiol:主动脉瓣狭窄患者心脏结构和功能改变与TAVR结局的关联

2019-02-27 xiangting MedSci原创

主动脉瓣狭窄分期显示心脏变化的程度与TAVR后全因死亡率之间存在强烈的分级关联。

重度主动脉瓣狭窄引起左心室压力超负荷,从而导致进行性心脏功能障碍,并可延伸到左心室之外。最近一个用于主动脉瓣狭窄的分期系统被提出,该系统可以量化主动脉瓣狭窄结构和功能性心脏改变的程度。

这项研究旨在证实所提出分期系统的可重复性和通过生存分析扩展研究结果,并评估主动脉瓣狭窄分期与经导管主动脉瓣置换术(TAVR)后心源性和非心源性再入院的相关性。

这是一项队列分析,纳入2011年7月1日至2017年1月31日期间在匹兹堡大学医学中心接受TAVR治疗的重度主动脉瓣狭窄患者。排除进行瓣中瓣TAVR手术和基线超声心动图不完整或缺失的患者。从胸外科医师协会数据库收集临床、实验室和手术数据,并通过电子病历回顾进行补充。

主动脉瓣狭窄分期系统基于心脏功能异常的超声心动图标记。分期如下:1期(左心室改变-左心室质量指数增加;二尖瓣舒张早期峰流速与二尖瓣环舒张早期运动速度比值(E/e)>14;左心室射血分数<50%),2期(左心房或二尖瓣改变-左心房容积指数>34mL/m2;中至重度二尖瓣返流;和房颤),3期(肺动脉或三尖瓣改变-肺动脉收缩压≥60mmHg;中至重度三尖瓣返流)和4期(右心室改变-中至重度右心室功能障碍)。

主要结局是TAVR后的全因死亡率。次要结局是全因死亡率和TAVR后全因和心源性再入院的综合。

共纳入689例连续性患者(351例为男性[50.9%],平均[SD]年龄为82.4 [7.6]岁)。1期的患病率为13%;2期,62%;3期,21%;和4期,4%。分期较高的患者胸外科医师学会死亡率预测风险(STS-PROM)所采集的合并症负担较大。尽管调整了STS-PROM,主动脉瓣狭窄分期与全因死亡率之间存在分级关联(2期vs 1期的风险比[HR]:1.37[95%CI,0.81-2.31; P= .25];3期vs 1期:2.24 [95%CI,1.28-3.92; P= .005];4期vs 1期:2.83 [95%CI,1.39-5.76; P= .004])。3期患者TAVR后的心源性(HR,1.84; 95%CI,1.13-3.00; P= .01)和非心源性再入院率均较高。

主动脉瓣狭窄分期显示心脏变化的程度与TAVR后全因死亡率之间存在强烈的分级关联;这样的分期可以改善TAVR患者的患者治疗、风险分层、预后评估以及共同决策。

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