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J Infect Dis :丙肝病毒污染物的传染性室温可保持6周

2014-02-12 佚名 不详

来自美国康涅狄格州纽黑文市耶鲁大学医学院药理学及儿科的Elijah Painstil博士和同事在11月23日的在线版Journal of Infectious Diseases上发表了他们的微培养试验结果。结果显示,在室温下丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)液滴干燥后其传染性可保持6周。 研究设计 他们使用一种基因型2a病毒衍生的基因修饰的HCV实验室克隆设计了他们的研究以

来自美国康涅狄格州纽黑文市耶鲁大学医学院药理学及儿科的Elijah Painstil博士和同事在11月23日的在线版Journal of Infectious Diseases上发表了他们的微培养试验结果。结果显示,在室温下丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)液滴干燥后其传染性可保持6周。

研究设计

他们使用一种基因型2a病毒衍生的基因修饰的HCV实验室克隆设计了他们的研究以模拟可能导致丙型肝炎病毒传播的自然事件。

加入2a HCV 媒介病毒的血浆滴置于24孔板中,并露天存储6周。血滴从20-33μL不等(平均体积,29μL)。研究者进行了3次实验。

研究结果

模拟在现实世界HCV传播风险的情况下暴露于HCV污染物,观察发现,在4°C和22°C下,[HCV细胞培养(HCVcc)]能保持传染性达6周。这一发现支持了研究者们的假设即医院丙肝感染发病率越来越高,可能是由于意外接触HCV污染物以及其他被污染了的设备所致,甚至是在其沉积后很长时间。此外,研究者们发现HCVcc传染性受HCVcc病毒滴度和贮存环境温度和湿度影响。

室温下,所有的HCVcc污染滴在4个小时内变干,因而变得容易忽视。干滴对感染控制是一个挑战,而且可能是意外接触丙型肝炎病毒的一个来源。

鉴于上述结果,研究者们对常规使用消毒剂是否能有效预防HCV进行调查。结果证明了漂白剂,cavicide和乙醇在推荐浓度下能有效预防HCV。

商用防腐剂的抗HCV活性也各有不同。漂白剂(1:10稀释)比cavicide(1:10稀释)更有效,而cavicide比乙醇(70%)更有效。

结论

在室温下HCV液滴干燥后其传染性可保持6周。因此,污染物可能是医院丙型肝炎病毒感染的来源之一。病毒在污染物中持久存活也可解释注射吸毒人群丙型肝炎病毒持续高感染率。

原始出处

Paintsil E, Binka M, Patel A, Lindenbach BD, Heimer R.Hepatitis C Virus Maintains Infectivity for Weeks After Drying on Inanimate Surfaces at Room Temperature: Implications for Risks of Transmission.J Infect Dis. 2013 Dec 30

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    2014-12-22 xzw113
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