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Am J Obstet Gynecol:研究揭示产妇糖尿病诱发胎儿的机制

2017-11-18 Emma MedSci原创

神经管缺陷是一种严重的畸形疾病,神经管就是胎儿的中枢神经系统。中枢神经管是胚胎发育成脑、脊髓、头颅背部和脊椎的部位,如果中枢神经管不能正常发育,在婴儿出生时,上述部位就可能出现缺陷。

神经管缺陷是一种严重的畸形疾病,神经管就是胎儿的中枢神经系统。中枢神经管是胚胎发育成脑、脊髓、头颅背部和脊椎的部位,如果中枢神经管不能正常发育,在婴儿出生时,上述部位就可能出现缺陷。氧化应激是产妇糖尿病诱发神经管缺陷(NTDs)的关键因素,氧化还原基因Nrf2(核因子-红细胞2-相关因子2)是细胞抗氧化系统的主要调节剂。因此研究人员调查了目前母体糖尿病是否通过氧化还原敏感的miR-27a抑制Nrf2表达以及Nrf2控制的抗氧化基因。

研究人员发现,糖尿病母体E8.5胚胎中Nrf2的mRNA和蛋白质水平显著低于非糖尿病母体,而miR-27a上调,神经干细胞体外试验中,高葡萄糖还以剂量和时间依赖性方式显著增加miR-27a水平,降低Nrf2表达。在体内和体外试验中Nrf2控制的抗氧化酶谷氨酸-半胱氨酸连接酶催化亚基(GCLC),谷氨酸- cyteine连接酶修饰亚基(GLCM)和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶A1(GSTA1)均下调。miR-27a抑制剂能够消除了高糖对Nrf2表达的抑制作用,miR-27a模拟物能够抑制神经干细胞中的Nrf2表达。当抑制miR-27a时能够恢复了GCLC,GLCM和GSTA1的表达,过表达SOD2能够逆转母体糖尿病诱导的miR-27a增加和抑制Nrf2和Nrf2控制的抗氧化酶。

研究人员通过链脲佐菌素诱导1型糖尿病胚胎病小鼠模型来进行研究,并收获E8.5胚胎用于分析Nrf2以及Nrf2控制的抗氧化剂基因和miR-27a表达。应用SOD2(线粒体相关的抗氧化剂基因)过表达糖尿病胚胎病变的小鼠模型,调查减轻氧化应激是否能够抑制miR-27a增加和降低Nrf2表达,得到的结果是减轻氧化应激能够抑制miR-27a增加和降低Nrf2表达。在正常和高糖条件下培养C17.2神经干细胞,并检测miR-27a和Nrf2之间的关系也得到与小鼠模型相同的结果。

该研究表明,母体糖尿病诱导的氧化应激增加了miR-27a,抑制了Nrf2及其反应性抗氧化酶,导致糖尿病胚胎病变,这为相关疾病的治疗提供了重要参考。

原始出处:
Zhao Y, et al. Oxidative stress-induced miR-27a targets the redox gene Nrf2 in diabetic embryopathy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Oct 31. pii: S0002-9378(17)31233-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.10.040.

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