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Curr Biol:深圳先进院等在调控睡眠结构的神经环路研究中取得进展

2019-10-31 佚名 深圳先进院

近日,中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院脑认知与脑疾病研究所脑图谱中心在解析睡眠片段化的神经调控机制方面获得进展。相关研究成果“A serotonin-modulated circuit controls sleep architecture to regulate cognitive function independent of total sleep in Drosophila”发表在Cell子刊

近日,中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院脑认知与脑疾病研究所脑图谱中心在解析睡眠片段化的神经调控机制方面获得进展。相关研究成果“A serotonin-modulated circuit controls sleep architecture to regulate cognitive function independent of total sleep in Drosophila”发表在Cell子刊《当代生物学》(Current Biology)杂志上。该研究与美国布兰迪斯大学教授Leslie C. Griffith(共同通讯作者)团队合作完成,文章第一作者和共同通讯作者是研究员刘畅,同等贡献第二作者为脑认知与脑疾病研究所诺奖实验室正高级工程师孟志强和布兰迪斯大学博士Timothy D. Wiggin。

睡眠问题已成为全球性的课题和全社会关注的重大问题。目前,人们对于睡眠的研究,主要关注调控睡眠总量的神经环路,而对独立于调控睡眠总量的编码睡眠质量(即睡眠结构)的神经网络的认知依然知之甚少。利用模式动物果蝇的丰富的遗传资源背景、理想的脑结构和脑功能的复杂度、分子作用机制的高度保守性以及较短的生命周期等优势,结合神经生物学研究的前沿技术,上述论文既发现了调控睡眠片段化的神经环路:信号输入五羟色胺神经元à神经编码整合中心椭球体(作用于 5-HT7受体)à信号输出脑区(蘑菇体,扇形体,原脑桥);又发现了睡眠片段化(反复觉醒,睡眠质量差)可导致学习受损,而受损的学习可通过改善睡眠质量而恢复到正常水平。研究人员还发现,敲除5-HT7受体或者阻断该受体的功能,均可以改善睡眠质量。

上述结果架起了五羟色胺与人类睡眠之间的链接桥梁,而5-HT7受体功能与哺乳动物具有高度的保守性,为改善、治疗睡眠和认知障碍提供了新的参考靶点。



图A,检测果蝇睡眠的装置示意图。单只果蝇装入一端盛有食物的小管中,另一端封口并扎孔通气。在小管中央有一对红外发射接收器。当果蝇自由穿梭红外发射器时,打断红外线信号,由此来记录果蝇的活动特征。在果蝇中,如果有连续5分钟没有活动,就记录为一个睡眠片段;图B,检测果蝇学习记忆的实验范式。一群果蝇置入一个小管中,当呈现气味A时,电击果蝇,当呈现气味B时,没有电击,随后让果蝇在呈现气味A和气味B的两个小管中自由选择。如图所示,大部分果蝇选择了“安全”气味的小管,也即果蝇学会回避与电击同时出现的气味;图C,该研究结果的理论模型示意图。五羟色胺(5HT)这种神经递质输入到果蝇脑内椭球体(EB),通过作用于特定的5HT7受体以及EB内另一类神经元(VT),再将信号传导到EB外的脑结构蘑菇体(MB)、扇形体(FB)、原脑桥(PB)完成对睡眠质量的调控。EB内两类神经元之间相互作用,信息整合后导致行为输出。

原始出处:Chang Liu, Zhiqiang Meng, Timothy D. Wiggin, et al. A Serotonin-Modulated Circuit Controls Sleep Architecture to Regulate Cognitive Function Independent of Total Sleep in Drosophila. Curr Biol. October 24, 2019 

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