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Lancet Oncol:80% BRCA突变患者有反应!奥拉帕利治疗前列腺癌患者试验发表

2019-12-05 佚名 医学新视点

PARP抑制剂奥拉帕利是首个在中国问世的卵巢癌靶向新药,在美国、欧盟、日本还已获批乳腺癌适应症,其跨多个癌种的应用潜力也备受业界关注,在研适应症还包括胰腺癌和前列腺癌等。

PARP抑制剂奥拉帕利是首个在中国问世的卵巢癌靶向新药,在美国、欧盟、日本还已获批乳腺癌适应症,其跨多个癌种的应用潜力也备受业界关注,在研适应症还包括胰腺癌和前列腺癌等。

近日,奥拉帕利用于DNA修复基因缺陷前列腺癌患者的一项临床试验中再度告捷,尤其携带BRCA基因突变的转移性前列腺癌患者中,超过80%对药物有反应,总生存期近18个月。相关结果发表在《柳叶刀·肿瘤学》。

此前在TOPARP-A试验中,研究团队测试了奥拉帕利在基因突变状态未经选择的晚期前列腺癌中的效果,发现在DNA损伤修复(DDR)异常的患者中获益最明显。

在转移性前列腺癌中,约20%-25%的患者会出现DNA修复基因缺陷,最常见的是BRCA1和BRCA2基因突变,其他基因突变还包括PALB2、ATM、CDK12等。

2期试验TOPARP-B试验是第一项将奥拉帕利用DNA损伤修复异常前列腺癌患者的研究,纳入了英国17家医院的98名已接受过大量治疗且病情进展的患者。

在24.8个月的中位随访时间后,所有这些具有DNA修复基因缺陷的患者中,46.7%对奥拉帕利有反应,疾病进展平均延缓5.5个月。

携带BRCA突变的患者对奥拉帕利的反应最好,治疗后缓解率超过83.3%,多达40%的患者的无进展生存期超过1年。在携带PALB2突变和ATM突变的患者中,缓解率分别为57%和37%;携带其他基因突变的患者中,约有20%对奥拉帕尼有反应。

所有患者的平均生存期超过13个月,携带BRCA突变的患者中位总生存期为17.7个月,这一数字在ATM突变和PALB2突变患者中分别为16.6个月和13.9个月。

研究负责人,伦敦癌症研究所Johann de Bono教授表示,“我们的试验表明,具有DNA修复基因缺陷的前列腺癌患者对靶向药物奥拉帕尼的反应非常好,尤其是在BRCA突变的患者中。奥拉帕尼有望成为前列腺癌的第一个基因靶向药物。”

研究团队表示,下一步研究将关注奥拉帕尼与其他药物的联合应用,以进一步延缓癌症进展和耐药性。

原始出处:
Joaquin Mateo, MD *Nuria Porta, PhD *Diletta Bianchini, MDet al.Olaparib in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with DNA repair gene aberrations (TOPARP-B): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial.The Lancet Oncology.Open AccessPublished:December 02, 2019DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30684-9

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    2020-01-06 minlingfeng
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    2019-12-07 智智灵药
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    2020-06-18 howi
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    2019-12-05 anti-cancer

    谢谢梅斯分享这么多精彩信息

    0

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    2019-12-05 misszhang

    前列腺癌相关研究,学习了,谢谢梅斯

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