JAMA Pediatr：高钾膳食有助青春期降低血压

2015-04-29 MedSci MedSci原创

科学界一直认为摄入过多量的饮食性的钠导致高血压和心血管疾病风险升高。在发达国家中，每日钠摄取估计在3500mg，而美国膳食指南推荐2-50岁的健康人的每日钠摄取量不超过2300mg。几个临床试验的meta分析表明增高的钾摄入量降低了高血压成年人的血压。然而基于人群的研究并没有发现这一联系。在较年轻人群中的钾对血压影响的数据仍是有限的和不一致的。早些时候的几个研究表明当钾离子摄入量相对较高而钠离子摄

科学界一直认为摄入过多量的饮食性的钠导致高血压和心血管疾病风险升高。在发达国家中，每日钠摄取估计在3500mg，而美国膳食指南推荐2-50岁的健康人的每日钠摄取量不超过2300mg。几个临床试验的meta分析表明增高的钾摄入量降低了高血压成年人的血压。然而基于人群的研究并没有发现这一联系。在较年轻人群中的钾对血压影响的数据仍是有限的和不一致的。早些时候的几个研究表明当钾离子摄入量相对较高而钠离子摄入较低时，将对血压有更多的益处。在较年轻群体中，数据较少。研究人员设计实验评估膳食钠、钾和钾钠比例对青少年血压的影响。

试验在美国里士满等地展开。2185名黑人和白人女孩参与此次研究，她们的年龄均在9-10岁之间，并且她们的膳食和血压数据很完整。平均膳食钠、钾摄入量和平均钾、钠比例是重要数据。主要监测指标是跟踪随访结束时以及试验过程中的心脏收缩压和舒张压。钠摄取分为低于2500mg/d（19.4%）、2500mg/d-3000mg/d（41.4%），3000mg/d-4000mg/d（9.7%）以及高于4000mg/d。钾摄入量分为低于1800mg/d（36.0%）、1800-2100mg/d（26.2%）、2100-2400mg/d（18.8%）以及高于2400mg/d（19.0%）。结果表明，更高的钠离子摄取并不对青少年血压有着不良影响。然而，高钾饮食与青春期血压变化有关相反的联系。钾钠比例也和收缩压负相关。

此项研究表明，青春期女生每日3500mg钠甚至更多对血压并没有不良影响。儿童时期食用高钾食物可能有助于抑制青春期血压上升。

原始出处：

Buendia JR, Bradlee M, Daniels SR, Singer MR, Moore LL. Longitudinal Effects of Dietary Sodium and Potassium on Blood Pressure in Adolescent Girls. JAMA Pediatr.Published online April 27, 2015. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.0411.

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2015-10-27 feather89

#PE#

59 0
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2015-09-02 ms9608593228839890

#DIA#

61 0
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2015-04-30 zhzhxiang

#青春期#

62 0
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2015-04-30 zhaojie88

#膳食#

64 0
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2015-04-30 chentianping

#低血压#

71 0
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2015-04-30 医者仁心

#高钾#

70 0
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2015-04-30 hbwang006

哈哈，吃到高血钾

169 0
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2015-04-30 lovejing

究竟是青春期还是儿童时期？这翻译，醉了

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