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BJJ:肥胖对单间室膝关节置换术后长期疗效无显著影响

2013-09-09 紫川秀第二 丁香园

膝关节置换术的选择种类繁多,1989年,Kozinn等人经过提出了单间室膝关节置换假体适应症的概念:患者年龄大于60岁,日常活动不剧烈,无重体力活动,体重小于82kg,膝关节畸形成角小于15度,前后交叉韧带完整,休息时膝关节疼痛轻微;影像学或术中直视下没有发现关节下软骨暴露于髌骨面或负重区域;患者膝关节疾病为非炎症性关节病[1]。但自该标准提出以来一直遭到质疑,特别是对体重的限定[3-7]。 目

膝关节置换术的选择种类繁多,1989年,Kozinn等人经过提出了单间室膝关节置换假体适应症的概念:患者年龄大于60岁,日常活动不剧烈,无重体力活动,体重小于82kg,膝关节畸形成角小于15度,前后交叉韧带完整,休息时膝关节疼痛轻微;影像学或术中直视下没有发现关节下软骨暴露于髌骨面或负重区域;患者膝关节疾病为非炎症性关节病[1]。但自该标准提出以来一直遭到质疑,特别是对体重的限定[3-7]。

目前仅有少量体重和单间室膝关节置换术术后效果的研究,为进一步明确体重和BMI指数对单间室膝关节置换术后效果和生存率的影响,来自法国的学者进行了单中心的长时间病例随访研究,结果发现,在至少7年的随访过程中,重体重组和轻体重组在膝关节生存率,术后关节功能评分上无显著差异。相关结论发表于近期的BJJ杂志上。【原文阅读】

研究回顾性分析了1990年1月至2004年12月间进行膝关节单间室置换术的患者共185例(212个UKR),患者平均BMI27.9Kg/M2,平均体重75.1Kg,平均年龄66岁,依据患者体重及BMI指数将患者进行亚组分类:体重大于或小于82kg;BMI指数大于或小于30kg/M2,研究人口学资料如表1所示。

表1:纳入研究的人口统计学资料

术后对患者进行膝关节KSS评分,并计算翻修率进行组别间比较。

研究结果:

术后平均随访11.6年,随访终点时, KSS膝关节评分平均为79.8分(64-96分),KSS功能评分为79.0分(50-100),KSS评分和BMI关系如表2所示。组间比较无显著差异。BMI和KSS评分Pearson关联性分析发现两者无显著联系。

表2:BMI和KSS评分的关系

术后置换膝关节的平均生存寿命为93%(95%CI 87-96,如图1所示);若依据最差状况估计,则其十年生存率为83%(95% CI 75-88)。


图1:全组患者10年生存率

术后有15例膝关节进行翻修手术,其中13例患者使用了后方稳定型长胫骨柄的全膝假体;1例患者术后出现假体磨损,予更换聚乙烯衬垫;1例患者出现另一置换见识的膝关节炎进展,行另一间室置换。

膝关节十年的总体生存率在体重组组间(≥ 82 kg: 93.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 66.5 to 96.3); < 82 kg: 92.5% (95% CI 82.5 to 94.1))和BMI组组间(≥ 30 kg/m2: 92% (95% CI 82.5 to 95.3); < 30 kg/m2: 94% (95% CI 78.4 to 95.9))比较无显著差异,图2,3,表3。


图2:以BMI为分组依据的亚组10年生存率


图3:以体重为分组依据的亚组10年生存率

表3:不同因素对BMI亚组十年生存率的影响

研究者认为:本研究结论和早期的已经发表的研究结果类似[2-7],即体重和BMI的增加并不是影响单间室膝关节置换效果和生存寿命的危险因素,对体重和BMI较高的患者,术后十年生存率均可达到较高的类似生存率(90%)。

原文下载

Cavaignac E, Lafontan V, Reina N, Pailhé R, Warmy M, Laffosse JM, Chiron P.Obesity has no adverse effect on the outcome of unicompartmental knee replacement at a minimum follow-up of seven years.Bone Joint J. 2013 Aug;95-B(8):1064-8. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.95B8.31370.

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    2013-12-20 yxch48
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