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频繁头晕,别忘了查个心电图

2017-11-08 奔跑的阿托品 医学界心血管频道

周末的门诊,方便了一些上班族和学生,门诊的人也是络绎不绝,但是对于心血管的门诊来说,这一点体现的却并不明显,因为心血管依然是老年人偏多,周末如果没有特别不舒服的老人,反而门诊量比较小。


周末的门诊,方便了一些上班族和学生,门诊的人也是络绎不绝,但是对于心血管的门诊来说,这一点体现的却并不明显,因为心血管依然是老年人偏多,周末如果没有特别不舒服的老人,反而门诊量比较小。

1

快到中午下班的时候,一个中年妇女领着一个学生模样的女孩子来到了我的门诊。

“大夫,孩子头晕能给看看不?”一进门,中年妇女说道。“头晕应该看脑病科,我这里是心血管。”我答道。“脑病科的大夫下班了,下午两点才上班,我孩子读高三,时间比较紧,只有中午有时间,下午还有考试,麻烦你给加个号。”

年轻女孩出现头晕,和心血管好像并不搭边,看到这位母亲恳求的眼神,我还是决定问一问。“不用挂号了,我不一定能看,先说说头晕的事。”这时候,中年妇女和女孩子坐在了我的对面,把情况给我说了出来……
病史简介
女孩18岁,高三学生,1年前在上体育课跑步过程当中,突然出现头晕,休息后缓解,一直未予重视。升入高三以后,由于学习紧张,头晕发作次数比较频繁,以活动后和休息不好的时候容易诱发,日常活动时无明显不适。既往体健,月经正常,对青霉素过敏。

我进行了听诊,女孩的心率比较慢,50次/分,律齐,各瓣膜听诊未闻及病理性杂音。测量血压100/60 mmHg,其他查体也没见到明显的阳性结果。

颅内病变?贫血?颈椎病?心律失常?低血压?……

2

“做过检查没有?”我一边进行思考可能的疾病,一边问道。“做过一些检查,医生都说问题不大,这是上个月才做的。”这位母亲说着,从随身携带的包里拿出了一沓检查结果。

我随手接过来,心脏彩超、头颅CT、胸片均未见明显异常。心肌酶、心肌损伤标志物、肝功、肾功、电解质、甲功也都正常,血常规也没有提示贫血的存在。这时,我看到了心电图,一度房室传导阻滞。

通过这些检查,我前面的猜测好像都不成立,没有疾病诊断的支持依据,到目前来看,唯一有点问题的,就是心电图,可是一度房室传导阻滞很少会引起患者描述的那么严重的头晕症状。

可能是出于职业的敏感,听诊女孩心率也偏慢,我建议女孩带一个24小时动态心电图,并且交代了注意事项,同时也把我的联系方式留了下来,等到结果出来,再来找我看。

3

周二我正在查房,突然电话响了起来,是周末门诊的那位母亲打来的。

接起电话,就听到比较急促的声音,“医生,你好,我女儿昨天带着心电图盒子,上体育课的时候又头晕了,这次比较严重,今天过来摘盒子,医生说有问题,让我联系你。”我告诉了他们我办公室的位置,一会母女两人拿着动态心电图的报告来到了我的办公室。

拿起动态心电图的结果,我有一些吃惊,三度房室传导阻滞!

我立刻明白了女孩头晕的病因,可是也有了新的疑惑和顾虑,为什么这么年轻的女孩会出现三度传导阻滞?这么年轻的女孩,进行植入永久起搏器能不能接受?即使植入了永久起搏器,患者还很年轻,需要多次更换电池、电极,费用相对比较高,患者家属能否接受?患者头晕只是这个原因吗,还有没有其他的因素?有没有更好的治疗方案?

我把情况向这位母亲详细地进行了介绍,并且说出了我的疑惑和顾虑,由于女孩还比较年轻,母亲决定去大医院咨询。

4

半个月后,我再次见到了这位母亲,和之前不同的是,除了第一次见到的焦急,还多了几分憔悴。她和我诉说了这半个月的经历,奔波了几个城市,咨询了很多的专家,得到的答案几乎一致,建议装永久起搏器。这位母亲彻夜未眠,考虑了一夜,家里商量了一整夜,决定听取专家的意见,今天来找我,决定给女儿办住院。

手术很成功,手术后随访两个月,女孩再也没有出现过头晕的情况。

房室传导阻滞的原因还是比较复杂,最为常见的就是冠心病,特别是50岁以上的患者,急性心肌梗死时,也比较容易出现;束支纤维性变也占有很大的比例,但是发病的原因不明;另外,扩心病、病毒性心肌炎也会出现;急性风湿热以一度房室传导阻滞多见,三度房室传导阻滞比较少见……但是女孩为什么会出现三度传导阻滞,还需要我们探索。

现在回想起来,要不是那个快下班的周末,也许我们不会有这样的一段诊治经历。也许生活就是这样,每一次的相遇,都有一定的道理,医路漫漫,学无止境。

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    2017-11-14 llaq

    心电图学习

    0

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    2017-11-10 sjzlzc007
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    2017-11-09 半夏微凉

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-11-09 惠映实验室

    学习了.谢谢.

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=261254, encodeId=a8db26125462, content=心电图学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/28/37a322fa6e8be63db9e493f1c35a800a.jpg, createdBy=e5461842402, createdName=llaq, createdTime=Tue Nov 14 13:38:42 CST 2017, time=2017-11-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1284816, encodeId=2dd01284816f6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=16134436817' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#头晕#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=44368, encryptionId=16134436817, topicName=头晕)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=917c196, createdName=sjzlzc007, createdTime=Fri Nov 10 14:31:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=259888, encodeId=7746259888d0, content=学习了谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo5nmIH5IQqCKjJgSCuicPWUWOUcdqt1ROPnEiaOYN4pSHibDv8la3OxNLalvuvUXn8clpJlrpuyTpckgt9OPkeSSdT/0, createdBy=8fd71930726, createdName=半夏微凉, createdTime=Thu Nov 09 06:57:03 CST 2017, time=2017-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=259853, encodeId=fcde259853c1, content=学习了.谢谢., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Thu Nov 09 00:43:54 CST 2017, time=2017-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=259846, encodeId=6a92259846b3, content=学习了很有用不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib3IzoRn621JdKCFUI4XvNELcibocrAVU6aUzEVDSaf3rYH08PUYUiagGqxAEhj8g9WqqNvD1CupIpCrmnR2OrqHZh/0, createdBy=7f181365728, createdName=飛歌, createdTime=Thu Nov 09 00:24:01 CST 2017, time=2017-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-11-09 飛歌

    学习了很有用不错

    0

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