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Nat Commun:纤毛内转运随年龄增长而减少,损害感觉和新陈代谢

2021-03-25 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

在老龄蠕虫中,感觉纤毛中IFT的降低削弱了感觉感知,并首先通过PAR-4/LKB1在感觉神经元中调节AMPK信号,进而在其他组织如肠道中调节AMPK信号。过表达daf-19c可以增强IFT,改善感官知

目前已知感官知觉和代谢动态平衡会随着年龄的增长而恶化,从而损害老年动物的健康,而其恶化的机制仍然知之甚少。在衰老过程中,感官知觉下降和新陈代谢受损之间的潜在相互作用也几乎没有被探索过。中国科学院分子细胞科学卓越中心Yidong Shen进行了研究并在Nat Commun杂志发表文章。

他们报道了由于daf-19/RFX调节的IFT成分减少,老年线虫的感觉神经元纤毛内转运 (intrafellar transport, IFT)受损。随着年龄的增长,感觉神经元内IFT的降低会损害感官知觉。此外,还证明,尽管依赖IFT的老年蠕虫感官知觉下降对胰岛素/IGF-1信号有轻微的影响,但它显著抑制了跨组织的AMP激活蛋白激酶(AMPK)信号。该研究发现上调daf-19/RFX能有效增强IFT、感官知觉、AMPK活性和自噬,促进代谢稳态和长寿该研究确定了一条导致IFT衰退和感官退化的衰老途径,这反过来又扰乱了新陈代谢和健康的衰老。

增强的感官知觉通过par-4和章鱼胺上调AMPK活性。aPAR-4(绿色)在神经元中表达,包括感觉神经元。在所有的独立实验中都得到了类似的结果。利用CRISPR/Cas9技术对内源PAR-4基因进行mNeonGreen(mNG)标记。DYF-1::TagRFP-T(洋红色)标记感觉神经元。标尺:10μmb:过表达daf-19c可增强PAR-4::gfp(箭头)的纤毛定位。标尺:5μmp=0.0233c:针对PAR-4的神经元特异性RNAi阻断了过量表达daf-19c的蠕虫中p-AMPK的上调。d: tdc-1tbh-1是编码章鱼胺合成关键酶的两个基因。e: 蠕虫中p-AMPK的水平。成虫后第1天,用4 mM章鱼胺或模拟处理30min后收集虫子。

 

该研究发现感觉回路的起点--感觉纤毛的功能障碍是衰老导致感觉能力下降的主要原因随着年龄的增长,IFT基因的主要转录因子DAF-19/RFX降低,下调IFT组分,破坏多蛋白IFT复合体,减少感觉纤毛中的IFT,从而损害感觉。上调daf-19c是通过挽救老化蠕虫中IFT组件的表达来抑制这些变化的有效方法

改善感官知觉促进蠕虫的健康存活。a: 5 mM氯喹(CQ)或模拟处理1h后的第1天,菌株肠道细胞(虚线)中的自噬小体(APs,黄色箭头)和自溶酶体(ALS,白色箭头)。比例尺:10μMn表示动物数量。b:指定的成虫在成虫第1天和第10天的击打速率(运动性度量标准)c:过表达daf-19c减少了体壁肌肉中的PolyQ-YFP聚集体(箭头)。比例尺:100μmd:成虫第10IFT较快的蠕虫寿命较长。蠕虫根据指示的IFT组件的速度从最快到最慢进行排序。。e:过度表达daf-19c可延长寿命。fg:WT蠕虫和高表达daf-19c的蠕虫经特定RNAi处理后的存活曲线。h:图表摘要。

在老龄蠕虫中,感觉纤毛中IFT的降低削弱了感觉感知,并首先通过PAR-4/LKB1在感觉神经元中调节AMPK信号,进而在其他组织如肠道中调节AMPK信号。过表达daf-19c可以增强IFT,改善感官知觉,进而激活AMPK和自噬。

纤毛是细胞存活和功能的重要调节因子。纤毛功能障碍会损害神经元的活力。同时,据报道,脑损伤会导致纤毛缺失。在未来,探索纤毛和神经元活动之间相互交织的作用将是很有趣的。由于神经递质的失调和感觉神经元的丧失与年龄相关的感觉减退有关,感觉纤毛的退变是否启动这些变化也是一个耐人寻味的话题,值得探讨。

原文出处:

Zhang, Yincong et al. “The decrease of intraflagellar transport impairs sensory perception and metabolism in ageing.” Nature communications vol. 12,1 1789. 19 Mar. 2021, doi:10.1038/s41467-021-22065-8

 

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    2022-02-25 liuli5079
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    2022-02-08 yzh409
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    2021-10-12 liye789132251
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