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Radiology:利用人工智能对成人胸片危急值自动分类的可行性

2019-07-14 shaosai MedSci原创

本研究旨在利用深度卷积神经网络(CNNs)建立并评价人工智能(AI)系统来对成人胸片进行自动实时分类,该分类是基于影像学表现的紧急情况。

本研究旨在利用深度卷积神经网络(CNNs)建立并评价人工智能(AI)系统来对成人胸片进行自动实时分类,该分类是基于影像学表现的紧急情况。

利用470388例成人胸片建立AI系统。利用国内自然语言处理技术(NLP)系统建模成放射学专业术语再对自由文本胸片报告进行预处理。NLP系统分析报告将每个胸片分为危急、急性、非急性或正常。利用标记胸片对包含2种深度CNNs的AI系统进行训练,仅通过影像学表现来预测临床紧急性。该系统对胸片危急值评价效果利用15887例胸片进行测试。利用ROC曲线下面积评价预测效果,并确定敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值(PPV)和阴性预测值(NPV)。利用非参数检验确定最终报告的提前时间。

结果为,AI系统检出正常胸片的敏感性、特异性、PPV和NPV分别为71%、95%、73%、94%。与历史数据相比,对于危急影像学表现的平均报告延迟时间由11.2天缩减到2.7天,对于急性影像学表现的平均报告延迟时间由7.6天缩减到4.1天。

本研究表明,利用人工智能系统对成人胸片进行自动实时分类是可行的,且临床接受度较高。

原始出处:

Annarumma M, Withey SJ, Bakewell RJ,et al.Automated Triaging of Adult Chest Radiographs with Deep Artificial Neural Networks.Radiology.DOI:10.1148/radiol.2018180921

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    2020-03-02 jmtang
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    2019-07-16 hukaixun

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