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Cancers:狡猾!肺癌细胞如何利用“抑癌因子”对化疗产生抗性?

2019-09-28 药明康德 药明康德

对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)而言,化疗的抗药性是一个大问题。特别是复发时,癌症往往会变得更具有侵袭性。近日,乔治亚大学医学院和奥古斯塔大学乔治亚癌症中心Amyn Rojiani博士领导的科学家团队揭示了NSCLC癌细胞在化疗中规避凋亡的一条途径。在近日发表在Cancers期刊上的文章中,在该团队重新定义了金属蛋白酶1的组织抑制剂(Tissue inhibitor of metalloprotein

对非小细胞肺癌NSCLC)而言,化疗的抗药性是一个大问题。特别是复发时,癌症往往会变得更具有侵袭性。近日,乔治亚大学医学院和奥古斯塔大学乔治亚癌症中心Amyn Rojiani博士领导的科学家团队揭示了NSCLC癌细胞在化疗中规避凋亡的一条途径。在近日发表在Cancers期刊上的文章中,在该团队重新定义了金属蛋白酶1的组织抑制剂(Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1,TIMP-1)水平的升高,对癌细胞产生化疗抗药性的作用。

癌细胞大量使用基质金属蛋白酶(matrix metalloproteinase,MMP)来介导原发肿瘤位的生长和转移。MMPs通常会在组织损伤后分泌,从而降解邻近组织(如胶原蛋白),以便细胞和蛋白因子的涌入,进而进入修复状态。而在修复过程即将结束时,TIMP-1的水平会显著增加。TIMP-1是MMP的天然抑制剂,它既防止修复过程失控,也防止健康组织被破坏。此前多项研究报道,相对于健康的肺细胞,TIMP-1在肺癌细胞中水平显著升高。因为其抑制MMP的功能,TIMP-1通常被认为是一种抑癌因子,然而在NSCLC患者中,其高水平表达与癌症患者的预后不良相关。
 


▲MMPs和TIMP-1可以促进癌细胞的生长和扩散

该团队揭示的途径显示,当面对化疗这一最常见的NSCLC疗法时,肺癌细胞首先会表达高水平TIMP-1分子,TIMP-1随后提高了可以调节炎症反应的免疫系统调节剂IL-6的表达。化疗时,两者的水平都进一步得到提高。IL-6已被认为与化疗抗药性有关,而在某些癌症中,IL-6已被证明可调节TIMP-1。但至少在NSCLC中,科学家发现是TIMP-1率先引导了对细胞凋亡的规避。

实验中,研究人员对比了两种一线化疗药品吉西他滨和顺铂对人类NSCLC癌细胞,以及敲除了TIMP-1的相同细胞的活性。他们发现在缺少TIMP-1的细胞中,IL-6的产量下降了,引发了细胞的死亡。当添加回TIMP-1时,IL-6水平升高,并伴随着细胞存活率的升高。而使用抗体中和TIMP-1也会降低IL-6的水平。此外,存活下来的癌细胞的抗药性甚至高于原来的细胞,并且具有更高的TIMP-1和IL-6水平。研究人员接着研究了IL-6信号通路的下游靶点STAT3。基因调控分子STAT3参与控制细胞生长和分裂,运动和凋亡,这些活动皆与癌细胞周期有关。在IL-6高水平的情况下,他们观察到STAT3进入细胞核,这意味着它也被激活了。

“这是首篇在NSCLC中,描述TIMP-1影响IL-6,IL-6激活STAT3的报道,展示了至少在肺癌中,TIMP-1在控制IL-6,”乔治亚大学医学院病理学系主任,文章的共同作者Amyn Rojiani博士表示:“我们以多种不同的方式证明两者之间的协同效应,如果TIMP-1上升,IL-6则上升;如果TIMP-1下降,IL-6则下降。”

该团队的工作表明,TIMP-1和IL-6的水平可能是判断患者预后更有价值的新指标,也是改善预后的重要新靶点。

原始出处:.
 Wei Xiao, Lan Wang, John Howard, et al. TIMP-1-Mediated Chemoresistance via Induction of IL-6 in NSCLC. Cancers. Aug 2019.

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    2020-04-02 anminleiryan
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    2020-03-02 yige2012
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    2019-09-30 yxch36

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IL-10具有抗炎和CD8+T细胞刺激作用。Pegilodecakin (聚乙二醇化的 IL-10)是一类长效IL-10受体激动剂,可诱导单克隆T细胞扩增,在晚期实体肿瘤中具有单药活性。现研究人员对pegilodecakin联合抗PD-1单克隆抗体抑制剂治疗晚期实体肿瘤的安全性和活性进行评估。这是一个在USA的12个癌症研究中心开展的多中心、多队列的开放性1b期试验(IVY),招募年满18岁的病理

疾病控制率100% 安全性良好 非小细胞肺癌有望迎来靶向药

近日举行的IASLC 2019世界肺癌大会(WCLC 2019)上,一项测试KRAS抑制剂AMG 510毒性的临床试验表明,在晚期非小细胞肺癌患者中,AMG 510对KRAS G12C突变患者显示出早期有潜力的抗肿瘤活性,且副作用很少。这项1期临床试验吸引了业界众多的关注,是本次大会最瞩目的研发项目之一。图示:胸片上可见肺癌。(来源:James Heilman医学博士/维基百科)KRAS是一种鸟嘌

晚期非小细胞肺癌临床试验终点技术指导原则发布

昨日(9月18日),国家药监局发布了《晚期非小细胞肺癌临床试验终点技术指导原则》(以下简称《指导原则》),该《指导原则》的发布将为规范和指导我国治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌药物的临床试验设计和终点选择,提供可参考的技术规范。

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