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Circulation:他汀类药物用于心血管疾病的预防,获益不止10年!

2022-03-19 网络 网络

仿制药的定价使许多成年人的预防性他汀治疗具有成本效益。

胆固醇指南通常根据10年的心血管疾病风险优先考虑初级预防他汀类药物治疗。仿制药价格的出现可能证明扩大他汀类药物的资格是合理的。此外,10年风险可能不是确定他汀类药物优先次序的最佳方法。

为了估计扩大预防性他汀类药物资格的成本效益,并从苏格兰卫生部门的角度评估了确定优先次序的新方法。来自美国西北大学卫生服务和结果研究中心和英国格拉斯哥大学卫生经济学中心联合开展了一项研究,结果发表在Circulation杂志上。

研究人员设计了一个计算机模拟模型预测了年龄≥40岁的苏格兰成年人的长期健康和成本结果。使用苏格兰心脏健康扩展队列、苏格兰发病记录和苏格兰国家记录完成了流行病学分析。利用2011年苏格兰健康调查的数据和当代人口估计值构建了一个模拟队列。

主要的结果衡量标准是终身增量成本效益比(ICER),评估为每获得一个质量调整生命年(QALY)的成本。分析了三种确定他汀类药物优先次序的方法:使用ASSIGN评分的10年风险评分,年龄分层(Age-Strat)风险阈值以增加年轻个体的治疗率,以及绝对风险降低(ARR)指导治疗以增加胆固醇水平升高的个体的治疗率。

结果显示,该政策与ASSIGN 20相比,将启动他汀类药物的风险阈值降低到10%,将资格从80.4万人(≥40岁无心血管疾病成年人的32%)扩大到144.55万人(58%)。这一政策将具有成本效益(ICER:12,300英镑/QALY,95%CI:7,690英镑/QALY-26,500英镑/QALY)。与ASSIGN 20相比,ARR 20增量产生了约8800个QALY,具有成本效益(7050英镑/QALY,95%CI:4560英镑/QALY-10700英镑/QALY)。

此外,与ASSIGN 10相比,ARR 10的增量产生了约7,950个QALY,具有成本效益(11,700英镑/QALY,95%CI:9,250英镑/QALY-16,900英镑/QALY)。两种年龄分层的风险阈值策略都是占优势的(即比其他治疗策略更昂贵,效果更差)。

综上,仿制药的定价使许多成年人的预防性他汀治疗具有成本效益。绝对风险降低指导下的治疗比10年风险评分更有效,并且具有成本效益。

 

参考文献:

Beyond Ten-Year Risk: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Statins for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.057631. Circulation. 2022;

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    2022-03-20 ms8000001039497748

    预防心血管疾病

    0

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