Baidu
map

Sci Transl Med:科学家揭示百日咳重现的原因

2018-04-09 佚名 “细胞”微信号

近日,一项刊登在国际杂志Science Translational Medicine上的研究报告中,来自乔治亚州立大学等机构的科学家们通过研究发现,百日咳的再现或许是美国高效疫苗不完全覆盖可预见的一种结果,这一研究发现或许与科学界普遍存在的理论相违背,即尽管我们在很小的时候就进行了疫苗接种,但为何仍然会出现百日咳发病率稳步增长的趋势。

近日,一项刊登在国际杂志Science Translational Medicine上的研究报告中,来自乔治亚州立大学等机构的科学家们通过研究发现,百日咳的再现或许是美国高效疫苗不完全覆盖可预见的一种结果,这一研究发现或许与科学界普遍存在的理论相违背,即尽管我们在很小的时候就进行了疫苗接种,但为何仍然会出现百日咳发病率稳步增长的趋势。

研究者Pejman Rohani教授表示,这项研究非常重要,因为其揭示了,尽管百日咳病例数不断在增加,但百日咳的流行病学状况似乎并未发生改变,相反,这体现了几十年来人们进行疫苗接种所带来的一种功能,同时这也是一种需要很长时间才能显现出来的效果。百日咳是一种由百日咳鲍特菌所诱发的呼吸道感染性疾病,岂会引发婴幼儿出现严重的感染,常规的疫苗接种始于20世纪40年代,自疫苗开始接种后,百日咳报告的患者数量减少了100倍,截止到目前为止,研究人员消除这种疾病似乎是可能的,但从20世纪70年代中期开始,百日咳似乎又开始卷土重来了。

研究者Rohani及其同事对来自马塞诸塞州的长期监测数据进行了分析试图解释其中的原因,关于百日咳病例增加,目前最流行的一种理论就是新一代百日咳疫苗似乎存在一些缺点,但研究人员表示,目前并无证据指示这一点。相反,他们发现,如今的百日咳疫苗就好像早些时候的疫苗一样,在很大程度上能够非常有效地发挥作用,尽管其并未给那些接种过疫苗的人群提供百分之百的终身保护能力。

文章中,研究者发现,当疫苗开始被引入时,疫苗较高的接种率会导致百日咳在人群中的传播率明显下降,甚至于一些未接种过疫苗的人群似乎也不太可能会染上这种病;然而,随着接种个体年龄不断增长,在某些个体中疫苗所能承担的保护作用慢慢开始减弱,此外,在疫苗接种之前的数天里,那些感染百日咳而幸免的极少数人群会获得终身的免疫力。

这就意味着,对百日咳易感的人群的数量会缓慢增长,从而就为增加新病例的数量创造了条件,尤其是在老年人群中。本文研究能够更好地帮助研究人员未来进行疫苗接种的推广和指导,尤其是应该针对学龄儿童,因此研究人员认为这一群体似乎应该是百日咳疫苗接种的重点关注人群,而并不是对成人疫苗的接种过于关注;后期研究人员还将进一步分析本文的研究结果,来评估后期如何进行疫苗的强化,从而更好地促进人们抵御百日咳鲍特菌感染的能力。

原始出处:

Matthieu Domenech de Cellès,et al. The impact of past vaccination coverage and immunity on pertussis resurgence. Sci Transl Med. 2018 Mar 28;10(434). pii: eaaj1748.

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (4)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1656980, encodeId=ea39165698044, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Thu Apr 12 12:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2067331, encodeId=aba7206e33118, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0841e75535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Transl#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17755, encryptionId=d0841e75535, topicName=Transl)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Thu Nov 15 14:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1391721, encodeId=0b321391e2114, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f5a8e1878f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#百日咳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71878, encryptionId=f5a8e1878f0, topicName=百日咳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKCRibWHQArPHdSkqP90U1HwwqlGeU7BUgzY240D3v2ibBDJ09ybkGkwOjxz7qRmngZaGlK1taX6hfA/132, createdBy=2e772500094, createdName=小华子, createdTime=Wed Apr 11 06:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1608725, encodeId=91211608e25d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Wed Apr 11 06:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-04-12 bsmagic9140
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1656980, encodeId=ea39165698044, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Thu Apr 12 12:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2067331, encodeId=aba7206e33118, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0841e75535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Transl#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17755, encryptionId=d0841e75535, topicName=Transl)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Thu Nov 15 14:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1391721, encodeId=0b321391e2114, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f5a8e1878f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#百日咳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71878, encryptionId=f5a8e1878f0, topicName=百日咳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKCRibWHQArPHdSkqP90U1HwwqlGeU7BUgzY240D3v2ibBDJ09ybkGkwOjxz7qRmngZaGlK1taX6hfA/132, createdBy=2e772500094, createdName=小华子, createdTime=Wed Apr 11 06:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1608725, encodeId=91211608e25d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Wed Apr 11 06:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1656980, encodeId=ea39165698044, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Thu Apr 12 12:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2067331, encodeId=aba7206e33118, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0841e75535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Transl#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17755, encryptionId=d0841e75535, topicName=Transl)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Thu Nov 15 14:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1391721, encodeId=0b321391e2114, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f5a8e1878f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#百日咳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71878, encryptionId=f5a8e1878f0, topicName=百日咳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKCRibWHQArPHdSkqP90U1HwwqlGeU7BUgzY240D3v2ibBDJ09ybkGkwOjxz7qRmngZaGlK1taX6hfA/132, createdBy=2e772500094, createdName=小华子, createdTime=Wed Apr 11 06:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1608725, encodeId=91211608e25d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Wed Apr 11 06:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1656980, encodeId=ea39165698044, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3ca31e71903' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#TRA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17719, encryptionId=3ca31e71903, topicName=TRA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=757b24868428, createdName=bsmagic9140, createdTime=Thu Apr 12 12:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2067331, encodeId=aba7206e33118, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d0841e75535' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Transl#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=17755, encryptionId=d0841e75535, topicName=Transl)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101173734/363C99735735B7F4CB11D5F78F580525/100, createdBy=aab22500211, createdName=ms3025846204744509, createdTime=Thu Nov 15 14:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-11-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1391721, encodeId=0b321391e2114, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f5a8e1878f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#百日咳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71878, encryptionId=f5a8e1878f0, topicName=百日咳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/Q0j4TwGTfTKCRibWHQArPHdSkqP90U1HwwqlGeU7BUgzY240D3v2ibBDJ09ybkGkwOjxz7qRmngZaGlK1taX6hfA/132, createdBy=2e772500094, createdName=小华子, createdTime=Wed Apr 11 06:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1608725, encodeId=91211608e25d1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Wed Apr 11 06:15:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

相关资讯

JAMA:儿童时期感染百日咳可增加日后癫痫发作的风险

儿童百日咳与其脑病及惊厥的发作有关,但是百日咳是否会引起日后儿童癫痫发作则尚未清楚,本研究旨在探究百日咳是否与癫痫发作的长期风险有关。

JAMA:美国拒绝接种疫苗的后果回顾

父母犹豫给儿童接种疫苗,可能会耽误常规的疫苗接种,或寻求免除接种国家疫苗方法。最近疫苗可预防的疾病在美国爆发引起了对这一现象的关注。提高对拒绝使用疫苗与这些疾病流行的关系的理解是有必要的。

CMAJ:百日咳疫苗的有效性仅能维持数年

接种及未接种疫苗的人群百日咳复发病例的不断出现对疫苗的有效性提出了质疑,本研究旨在探究百日咳疫苗的有效性,以及免疫力减弱和全细胞免疫初始免疫的效果。2009年12月7日至2013年3月31日之间,研究人员共分析了5867名研究对象(486名测试阳性,5381名测试阴性)的数据。构建逻辑回归模型来计算比值比(ORs),疫苗的有效性计算为(1-OR)× 100。通过计算最后一次接种疫苗后患者每年百日咳

怀孕期间接种百日咳疫苗是安全的

百白破疫苗(破伤风白喉百日咳混合疫苗)应作为所有美国孕妇最关键的医疗干预,可防止新生儿百日咳。然而,给孕妇注射百白破混合疫苗的安全性尚未完全确定。相关文章发表在《Human Vaccines &Immunotherapeutics》上,文章表示母婴注射百白破疫苗是安全的。 德州大学的一个研究小组分析了1759名出生人口,比较注射百白破的母亲(n = 1109)与未注射白白破的母亲(n =

Chest:成人和儿童百日咳相关咳嗽的临床特征

成人百日咳或咳嗽后呕吐应考虑百日咳可能的诊断,而缺乏阵发性咳嗽或存在发热的情况下应予以排除。在儿童中,咳嗽后呕吐不能有助于临床诊断试验。

Lancet Infect Dis:5岁以下儿童百日咳流行病学研究

相比于1999-2003年的统计(3060万的5岁以下儿童病例以及390000死亡),百日咳病例数及死亡人数均显著下降。

Baidu
map
Baidu
map
Baidu
map