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JAMA Pediatr:高频振荡通气使急性呼吸衰竭儿童预后较差

2014-04-30 MedSci MedSci原创

因急性肺损伤和急性呼吸窘迫综合征所致的呼吸衰竭是危重患儿死亡的一个重要原因。常规机械通气(CMV)与高气道压力和肺气漏相关。据推测,高频震荡通气(HFOV)作为肺保护策略的一部分能降低诱发损伤。HFOV以每秒3-15次的高频率输送低潮气量,或许可作为儿科ICU急性呼吸衰竭备选治疗和抢救治疗策略。 然而,HFOV用于小儿急性呼吸衰竭的治疗结果尚不明确。有限的儿科数据表明,与CMV相比,HFOV可改

因急性肺损伤和急性呼吸窘迫综合征所致的呼吸衰竭是危重患儿死亡的一个重要原因。常规机械通气(CMV)与高气道压力和肺气漏相关。据推测,高频震荡通气(HFOV)作为肺保护策略的一部分能降低诱发损伤。HFOV以每秒3-15次的高频率输送低潮气量,或许可作为儿科ICU急性呼吸衰竭备选治疗和抢救治疗策略。

然而,HFOV用于小儿急性呼吸衰竭的治疗结果尚不明确。有限的儿科数据表明,与CMV相比,HFOV可改善患者的氧合作用。但是,近期2项在成人中开展的随机、对照、多中心临床试验结果显示,HFOV并不能降低患者的死亡率。

来自美国阿肯色大学医学中心儿科重症监护室的Gupta等人进行的一项回顾性观察研究显示,与CMV相比,HFOV及早期HFOV使儿童急性呼吸衰竭预后较差。文章近期发表在《JAMA Pediatr》上。

研究选取Virtual PICU System数据库中2009年1月1日至2011年12月31日期间使用机械通气治疗的儿童(年龄在1个月至18岁)作为研究对象。将符合标准的儿童分为两组:HFOV组和CMV组。HFOV组再进一步分为早用HFOV组和晚用HFOV组。HFOV组和CMV组患者1:1进行倾向评分匹配。早用HFOV组和CMV 组患者也进行类似匹配。对各组的机械通气时长、重症监护室(ICU)停留时间、ICU死亡率和标准化死亡率比(SMR)进行评估。

来自98家医院的9177名患者符合入组标准。其中,接受HFOV的患者902(9.8%)名,而接受CMV的为8275(90.2%)名。(按1:1)匹配对比HFOV和CMV的患者共1764名,而匹配对比早期HFOV和CMV的患者共942名。与CMV患者相比,HFOV及早期HFOV患者的机械通气时长(20.3 vs 14.6天;15.9 vs 14.6天)、ICU停留时间(24.9 vs 19.1天;19.5 vs 19.3天)、死亡率(17.3% vs 8.4%;18.1% vs 8.3%)显著升高。与CMV组相比,HFOV组的SMR更高(2.00 vs 0.85)。与CMV组相比,早期HFOV组的SMR也更高(1.62 vs 0.76)。

研究结果显示,与CMV相比,儿童急性呼吸衰竭应用HFOV及早期HFOV与预后较差相关。该研究的结果与近期发表的“成人急性呼吸窘迫综合征2种通气模式对比研究”结果相似。

原始出处:

Gupta P, Green JW, Tang X, Gall CM, Gossett JM, Rice TB, Kacmarek RM, Wetzel RC.Comparison of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and conventional mechanical ventilation in pediatric respiratory failure.JAMA Pediatr. 2014 Mar;168(3):243-9.

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    2015-01-26 feather89
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    2014-08-10 cjyisheng

    不是新设备就威力大,还有安全问题。

    0

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