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Movement Disorder:新药Mevidalen治疗路易体痴呆,疗效如何

2022-01-17 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

Mevidalen利用一种新的作用机制,在标准护理的基础上改善与LBD相关的运动症状

路易体痴呆(Lewy body dementia),包括帕金森病痴呆(PDD)和路易体痴呆(DLB),是继阿尔茨海默病(AD)之后第二种最常见的神经变性痴呆。整个皮层下和皮层脑区的路易体内含物,主要包含错误折叠和聚集的α-突触核蛋白,是LBD的组织病理学标志。

虽然曾经被认为是两个独立的实体,但支持性的病理、临床、影像和神经化学数据的组合表明PDD和DLB属于同一大类疾病。它们有共同的神经影像学特征,有重叠的萎缩模式、葡萄糖利用和神经递质变化(皮质胆碱能障碍和纹状体/皮质多巴胺能障碍)。路易体的形成和传播伴随着进行性的神经变性,特别是影响多巴胺能和胆碱能神经元,导致PDD和DLB的运动和认知障碍的重叠。PDD和DLB都存在进行性的执行功能障碍和视觉空间异常,但在疾病过程的早期,外显记忆仍然相对完整。此外,PDD和LBD的非运动特征相似,包括快速眼动(REM)睡眠行为障碍、嗅觉减退、突出的视觉幻觉、唤醒波动和嗜睡、自主神经功能紊乱和抑郁/焦虑。

LBD是一种多方面的疾病,具有核心的运动和非运动特征,常常导致在平衡症状疗效和药物副作用的情况下使用多种药物。标准多巴胺能疗法的使用受到非运动并发症的限制,往往导致运动症状治疗不足,而利伐斯汀(rivastigmine)仍然是美国唯一批准用于治疗PDD认知障碍的药物。

Mevidalen(LY3154207)代表了一种新的机制,是多巴胺D1受体亚型(D1PAM)的选择性正性异生调节剂(PAM)。它的作用是增加D1受体的张力及其对多巴胺的亲和力,从而在多巴胺释放的时间和地点放大对多巴胺的反应。D1受体激动剂在其存在的整个过程中激活它们所能接触到的所有D1受体,并且由于高剂量时的过度刺激和耐受性发展的趋势,常常显示出钟形的剂量反应关系。

相反,Mevidalen通过增强对剩余脑多巴胺(或管理的左旋多巴)的反应,将受到正常反馈控制,过度刺激的倾向较低。梅维达伦有可能通过增强额叶多巴胺能神经递质、激活皮质神经元、增强突触可塑性和D1介导的增强乙酰胆碱释放来改善认知表现。在mevidalen的临床前和一期试验中观察到的其他潜在效果,如减少日间困倦、增强运动功能、改善情绪和目标导向行为,从而减少冷漠(通过激活皮质和纹状体的D1受体),也将有利于LBD。

藉此, Indianapolis - Eli Lilly and Company的Kevin Biglan等人,利用(PRESENCE;NCT03305809)临床试验,评估mevidalen对轻度至中度IBD(PDD或DLB)患者的安全性和疗效与安慰剂相比。主要目标是测试假设,每天服用10、30或75毫克的mevidalen治疗12周,将导致认知能力的明显改善。次要目标旨在评估mevidalen治疗对LBD的运动和非运动方面的影响。

PRESENCE是一项为期12周的2期研究,将LBD患者(N = 344)随机分配(1:1:1:1)到每日剂量的mevidalen(10、30或75毫克)或安慰剂中。

主要结果衡量标准是认知药物研究的注意力连续性(CoA)综合得分从基线的变化。次要结果包括阿尔茨海默病评估量表-认知分量表13(ADAS-cog13)、运动障碍协会-统一帕金森病评分表(MDS-UPDRS)和阿尔茨海默病合作研究-临床全局变化印象(ADCS-CGIC)。

他们发现:Mevidalen未能达到主要或次要认知终点。Mevidalen使MDS-UPDRS总分得到明显的、剂量依赖性的改善(与安慰剂相比,I-III部分之和,10毫克P<0.05,30毫克P<0.05,75毫克P<0.01)。

与安慰剂相比,30毫克和75毫克的mevidalen剂量明显改善了ADCS-CGIC的得分(最小或更好的改善:30毫克P<0.01,75毫克P<0.01;中度或更好的改善:30毫克P<0.05,75毫克P<0.001)。

血压、不良事件和心血管严重不良事件的增加在75毫克的剂量下最为明显。

该研究的重要意义在于发现了:Mevidalen利用一种新的作用机制,在标准护理的基础上改善与LBD相关的运动症状,同时改善或不加剧与传统多巴胺能疗法相关的非运动症状。


原文出处:
Biglan K, Munsie L, Svensson KA, et al. Safety and Efficacy of Mevidalen in Lewy Body Dementia: A Phase 2, Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Trial. Mov Disord. Published online December 2, 2021:mds.28879. doi:10.1002/mds.28879

 

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2077675, encodeId=187c20e76759b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=67cc600242' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#disorder#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6002, encryptionId=67cc600242, topicName=disorder)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3fc52500170, createdName=12498cbcm00(暂无昵称), createdTime=Tue Dec 13 09:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1784488, encodeId=aa471e84488c0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a727600194' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Disord#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6001, encryptionId=a727600194, topicName=Disord)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aad0444, createdName=cmsvly, createdTime=Thu Oct 27 08:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-10-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1754955, encodeId=8a361e5495573, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bf6093140d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#路易体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=93140, encryptionId=bf6093140d4, topicName=路易体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=576436807451, createdName=longerg, createdTime=Sun Sep 04 06:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-09-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2013799, encodeId=21a62013e99f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7d69598468' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Dis#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5984, encryptionId=7d69598468, topicName=Dis)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Fri Feb 18 00:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1246636, encodeId=8a231246636e9, content=老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=neuro.Dr, createdTime=Sat Jan 15 14:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-10-27 cmsvly
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2077675, encodeId=187c20e76759b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=67cc600242' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#disorder#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6002, encryptionId=67cc600242, topicName=disorder)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3fc52500170, createdName=12498cbcm00(暂无昵称), createdTime=Tue Dec 13 09:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-12-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1784488, encodeId=aa471e84488c0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a727600194' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Disord#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6001, encryptionId=a727600194, topicName=Disord)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=aad0444, createdName=cmsvly, createdTime=Thu Oct 27 08:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-10-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1754955, encodeId=8a361e5495573, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bf6093140d4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#路易体#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=93140, encryptionId=bf6093140d4, topicName=路易体)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=576436807451, createdName=longerg, createdTime=Sun Sep 04 06:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-09-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2013799, encodeId=21a62013e99f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7d69598468' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Dis#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5984, encryptionId=7d69598468, topicName=Dis)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Fri Feb 18 00:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1246636, encodeId=8a231246636e9, content=老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=neuro.Dr, createdTime=Sat Jan 15 14:07:20 CST 2022, time=2022-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-09-04 longerg
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    2022-01-15 neuro.Dr

    老年性痴呆,未来还是希望借助神经电生理吧,也许更为有效!

    0

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简单用降糖药,就能预防痴呆?最新研究:这2大类药物均有效

两项研究探讨不同降糖药与痴呆风险关系,SGLT-2 抑制剂或有助于预防痴呆,初代 GLP-1 RA 与 SGLT-2 抑制剂差异小,需更多试验证实。

超3万人研究:服用降压药或能降低42%的痴呆风险

对于高血压人群,晚年服用降压药与AD风险降低42%有关。这表明,在晚年持续进行降压治疗对降低AD风险至关重要。此外,患有高血压也与非AD痴呆风险升高有关,接受降压治疗的人群此类风险略低于未治疗人群。

刘振琪教授:剖析睡眠障碍的诊断及治疗之道

本次,我们有幸邀请到大理州中医医院刘振琪教授,与大家共同探讨睡眠障碍在临床上的诊断和治疗。

痴呆风险降低!老年糖尿病患者这一血糖指标稳定性很关键

对患有糖尿病的老年人来说,HbA1c水平控制稳定与痴呆发病率降低之间存在关联。而且,当HbA1c水平超出目标范围时,HbA1c水平低于个体化目标范围的时间越长,ADRD风险也越高。

45%的痴呆可预防!《柳叶刀》最新报告:这14个危险因素要尽早改变

委员会指出,改变14项危险因素可预防或延迟多达45%的痴呆,报告同时更新了检测阿尔茨海默病(AD)的最新生物标记物进展、诊断新定义和治疗进展。

Circulation:颅内动脉粥样硬化性疾病与痴呆之间的关系

ICAD与痴呆发生风险增加相关,独立于CSVD、APOE4基因型和心血管危险因素。即使在较低CSVD负担的参与者中,痴呆的风险也明显增加,且不太可能受到血管性痴呆的影响。

2023 国际指南:体力活动和锻炼用于轻度认知障碍和痴呆的预防和管理

国外神经内科相关专家小组(统称) · 2023-09-28

痴呆患者睡眠障碍管理的最佳证据总结

江苏医药职业学院 · 2023-03-22

痴呆诊断中PET临床合理化应用中国专家共识(2021版)

中国微循环学会神经变性病专业委员会 · 2021-11-25

痴呆诊断中 PET 临床合理化应用中国专家共识 (2021版)

中国微循环学会神经变性病专业委员会 · 2021-11-25

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