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European Radiology:基于深度学习的颅内动脉瘤破裂预测

2022-04-18 shaosai MedSci原创

深度学习模型通常比统计学习模型更强大,因为深度网络可以从数据中提取更多内在的复杂特征和关系。

据统计颅内动脉瘤(IA)存在于3-7%的人口中。尽管动脉瘤的年破裂率通常低于1%,但动脉瘤的破裂可引起严重临床症状,死亡率高达65%。然而动脉瘤修复手术或血管内治疗仍有很大的并发症风险。因此,动脉瘤破裂的预测和根据破裂风险对患者进行分层,将有助于IA的管理提高预后。有学者认为各种因素与破裂有关,如动脉瘤的大小、形态、血流动力学、高血压、血脂水平、饮酒和吸烟。

深度学习模型通常比统计学习模型更强大,因为深度网络可以从数据中提取更多内在的复杂特征和关系。然而,很少有研究报告将深度学习用于动脉瘤破裂预测。然而在一些临床领域,很难获得大量的标记数据,大多数破裂的病例只有破裂后的图像,其形态与破裂前的状态差别很大。

近日,发表在European Radiology杂志的一项研究提出了一种新的来用于动脉瘤破裂预测的深度学习模型,为早期识别及诊断动脉瘤提供了技术支持

本研究使用分割好的动脉瘤模型作为输入,用自我监督的方法对模型进行预训练,从947个未标记的血管图像案例中学习动脉瘤形态的深度嵌入。随后,利用已知破裂状态的120个标记病例对模型进行了微调。临床信息与深度嵌入相结合,进一步提高预测性能。提出的模型与放射组学和传统形态学模型的预测性能进行了比较。基于该模型还开发了一个辅助诊断系统,并在五位神经外科医生那里进行了测试。 

本研究方法取得了0.823的受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC),超过了从头开始训练的深度学习模型(0.787)。通过与临床信息整合,所提出的模型性能进一步提高到AUC=0.853,使得结果明显优于基于放射组学的模型(AUC=0.805,p=0.007)或基于传统形态学参数的模型(AUC=0.766,p=0.001)。本研究的模型在其他模型中也取得了最高的敏感性、PPV、NPV和准确性。使用辅助诊断系统,神经外科医生的预测性能从AUC=0.877提高到0.945(p = 0.037)。 


图 计算机辅助诊断系统的用户界面。左侧窗口显示正在检查的动脉瘤。右侧窗口显示从数据库中提取的动脉瘤实例。底部显示临床信息和估计的破裂风险

本研究提出的方法使我们能够利用有限的数据开发出有竞争力的深度学习模型来预测动脉瘤的破裂。本研究还开发了一个基于案例推理的计算机辅助诊断系统,该系统能显著提高神经外科医生在脑动脉瘤破裂预测方面的表现,可作为动脉瘤风险管理的一个有价值的影像学工具。

 

原文出处:

Chubin Ou,Caizi Li,Yi Qian,et al.Morphology-aware multi-source fusion-based intracranial aneurysms rupture prediction.DOI:10.1007/s00330-022-08608-7.

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    2023-02-17 feather89
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    2022-04-21 仇敏瑜

    ***

    0

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    2022-04-18 1212ba38m22暂无昵称

    学习了

    0

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    2022-04-18 西瓜0628

    学习了

    0

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