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新冠疫情加剧,原料药肝素出口价猛涨270%

2021-08-03 JACKZHAO MedSci原创

今年以来,疫情仍在全球肆虐,肝素价格由此继续走高。

海外抗疫“刚需”,这种原料药出口价猛涨,同比涨近270%创历史新高(附受益名单)

据海关总署最新数据显示,2021年6月肝素出口平均单价为15819.01美元/kg,相比2020年7月4282美元/kg的阶段低点,涨价269%,且超过2010年创下1.1万美元/kg的历史最高价。

全球肝素 API 价格及预测(2014~2025)(美元/mega),银河证券-健友股份(603707)2020三季报点评:制剂业务快速增长,肝素产业链

全球新冠疫情暴发以来,肝素价格一路上扬。肝素出口平均单价由2020年初的8800多美元/千克上涨至去年末的1.14万美元/千克。根据弗若斯特沙利文估计,到2020年末肝素 API 价格将同比上涨 93.4%,从 54.3 美元/mega 上涨至 105 美元/mega,并在未来至少五年内维持高位。近期全球包括国内疫情有加剧趋势,肝素价格将继续走高。

中国生猪占比49%,

目前欧洲、美国等发达国家地区是肝素类产品最主要的销售市场,同海外肝素原料药供应商比较,我国在肝素原料药上拥有供应充足先天性有利条件及竞争优势。近年来,在非洲猪瘟和新型冠状病毒疫情爆发的双重冲击下,肝素作为资源型行业,预计未来一段时间内将处于供应偏紧状态,紧张的供应状态或将带动肝素类产品的销售价格上升,行业未来驱动力较为明显,长期盈利能力较为确定。国海证券研报也指出,肝素价格,主要原因是全球生猪供应影响加上但由于疫苗毒及其他因素影响,猪周期的回暖低于市场预期,在带来新一轮投资机会的同时也将进一步延长肝素的景气度。

长期来看,我国目前老年人数量居世界前列,《中国心血管病报告 2018》表示,在心血管危险因素水平不变的前提下,我国因人口老龄化及人口增长所导致的心血管病(包括心绞痛、心肌梗死等)发生数在 2010-2030 年中将提升 50%以上。目前,心脑血管疾病已成为人口死亡的主要原因,中国心血管病患病率处于持续上升阶段。推算心血管病现患病人数达3.3亿人,其中脑卒中1300万、 冠心病1100万、肺源性心脏病500万、心力衰竭890万、风湿性心脏病250万、先天性心脏病200万、下肢 动脉疾病4530万、高血压2.45亿,这讲直接拉动了肝素行业整体市场需求,随着全球老龄人口比例逐步上升,未来肝素国际市场仍有较大的上升空间。

Heparin uses, heparin mechanism of action, heparin dosage & side effects

肝素结构,

肝素为带负电荷的粘多糖大分子,不易通过生物膜,在肠道内易被破坏失活,故口服无效。皮下注射血药浓度低,肌肉注射易形成血肿和基部刺激,故常静脉注射。静注后,80%的肝素与血浆蛋白结合,部分被内皮摄取,主要由肝脏内的肝素酶分解代谢。低剂量的肝素可被单核吞噬细胞系统清除,其降解产物经肾脏排泄。肝素的半衰期因剂量的不同而不同,治疗量的肝素的半衰期为40至90分钟。不同的疾病也会导致其半衰期的改变,肺气肿、肺栓塞患者的半衰期缩短,而肝肾功能障碍的患者的半衰期延长。

肝素产业价值链(由上游到下游),xuite

肝素多是从猪、羊、牛等动物的肠粘膜或肝、肺中的肥大细胞提取制成。猪肠和牛肺是分离肝素最常用的两种来源。肝素粗品为低端产品,肝素原料药为中间产品、低分子肝素制剂为最高端产品,据估算,由肝素粗品转化为肝素原料药,再转化为低分子肝素制剂,产品价值至少可提升数十倍。

肝素是、和抗血栓药物之一,其在心内科、肾内科、神经内科、骨科、普通外科、肿瘤科、妇科、呼吸科以及儿科治疗中均可发挥作用,市场需求旺盛,且逐年增长。

由于肝素良好的抗凝血作用,已成为目前使用范围最广、临床凝血作用最有效的抗凝血常见的药物之一,被广泛应用于心脑血管手术、关节置换、透析等各类手术和治疗中,是临床首选抗凝血药物。肝素可用于手术预防危险的血栓栓塞性疾病,如静脉血栓,肺栓塞。肝素的抗凝活性归因于含有 3-O-硫酸盐和 6-O-硫酸盐的五糖序列或含有五糖序列的至少 8 个重复的二糖单元,其通过丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂或丝氨酸催化因子 Xa 或凝血酶的自杀灭活蛋白酶抑制剂分别命名为抗凝血酶 III。

因此,肝素负责同时抑制血液循环中的凝血酶生成和凝血酶活性。此外,肝素通过与多种蛋白酶、蛋白酶抑制剂、趋化因子、细胞因子、生长因子、以及它们各自的受体。一种药物的多分子靶向特性使肝素成为一种非常特殊的药物,因为即使在其发现 100 年后,各种临床试验仍在全球范围内进行。

全球临床医学对抗凝血、抗血栓类药品需求的快速增长,直接带动了肝素制剂销售规模的上升。目前肝素类药品的消费市场主要为美国、欧洲和日本等发达国家和地区。其中,美国是全球最大的肝素类药品消费市场,每年消费的低分子肝素类药品超过全球总消费的40%。

作为重要的临床抗凝血原料药,已成为抗疫“刚需”,在新冠肺炎疫情蔓延全球期间,肝素产品对重症新冠肺炎患者的血栓形成的治疗起到一定帮助恢复的作用,产品需求日益增大。现已入选为世界卫生组织的基本药物清单。但长期使用肝素可引起脱发、骨折等副作用。

我国肝素原料药产量居世界第一,肝素原料供应占全球需求量的50%左右。目前5家主要的肝素原料药生产厂商,分别为海普瑞健友股份东诚药业千红制药常山药业,均为上市公司。海外主要肝素原料药生产厂商包括辉瑞、SPL、赛诺菲和Bioiberica等公司。

 

肝素概念股

肝素概念股今日早盘异动走高,海普瑞涨停,常山药业股价暴涨超过20%,千红制药,健友股份几近涨停。

常山药业主营肝素原料药及制剂,拥有完整的完整肝素产品产业链,能够同时从事肝素原料药和肝素制剂药品研发、生产和销售。另外,公司也是国内少数同时通过美国FDA和欧盟认证的肝素产品生产企业之一。

健友股份是中国肝素原料药生产的龙头企业,是国内少数同时通过美国FDA和欧盟 EDQM 认证的肝素原料药生产企业之一。公司产品以肝素全系列产品为主,涵盖高品质肝素原料药、低分子肝素制剂等主要品种。

千红制药的肝素产业链较为完整,是国内同时拥有肝素原料药和制剂生产批文的少数几家公司。

中航证券表示,肝素类产品作为临床主要抗凝药物,在全球多个国家及地区迎来新冠肺炎二次爆发,全球新冠肺炎患者及重症患者数量快速上升的背景下,有望长期带动肝素市场长期发展。

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    2021-08-11 ms5000001906902679

    学习了

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1007115, encodeId=6502100e115a5, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=72e05569940, createdName=ms5000001906902679, createdTime=Wed Aug 11 22:49:41 CST 2021, time=2021-08-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1497148, encodeId=3035149e148a9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=30003e186fa' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#原料药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37186, encryptionId=30003e186fa, topicName=原料药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8d4d9304903, createdName=slcumt, createdTime=Thu Aug 05 02:44:53 CST 2021, time=2021-08-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1029816, encodeId=c25910298165e, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=97, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Tue Aug 03 14:44:53 CST 2021, time=2021-08-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1004883, encodeId=db8a100488384, content=按精神病理学物理实验室手术, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=62a85535130, createdName=ms3000001999514966, createdTime=Tue Aug 03 13:49:43 CST 2021, time=2021-08-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1004876, encodeId=1aa910048e6d4, content=按精神病理学物理实验手术, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=62a85535130, createdName=ms3000001999514966, createdTime=Tue Aug 03 13:14:17 CST 2021, time=2021-08-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1004875, encodeId=25e010048e51d, content=按理学物理手术, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=62a85535130, createdName=ms3000001999514966, createdTime=Tue Aug 03 13:11:56 CST 2021, time=2021-08-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-08-05 slcumt
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    2021-08-03 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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    2021-08-03 ms3000001999514966

    按精神病理学物理实验室手术

    0

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