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Neurology:多发性硬化,大脑网络有何变化

2021-10-28 Freeman MedSci原创

FC异常伴随着局部脑血流和结构连接的异常,

认知障碍影响了大约一半的多发性硬化症(MS)患者。虽然疾病机制尚未完全阐明,但静息态功能MRI(rsfMRI)研究显示,认知障碍和非障碍患者之间的功能连接(FC)存在差异。然而,rs-fMRI的一个缺点是缺乏有关FC异常的病理机制的信息,这限制了解释研究结果的能力。

有人在 "节点压力(nodal stress) "假说中提出,具有高连接性的网络区域,即所谓的 "枢纽 "或 "节点",其高活动性使其容易受到病理性的 "磨损",这可能是由于高代谢需求,这可能加速神经变性,导致网络功能失调。如果 "磨损 "的变化是造成FC异常的原因,我们希望在其他MR指标上也能看到异常。网络枢纽在功能和结构网络中都有很强的互连性,与活动相关的损害可望影响解剖学上的连接。

此外,如果节点损伤是由未满足的代谢需求引起的,这可能会影响脑血流(CBF)。通过收集扩散MRI和CBF数据以及rs-fMRI图像,因此可以确定FC异常是否与白质和灌注变化同时出现,这种共同出现的异常可以指出共同的潜在机制,从而为未来的研究方向提供信息。

藉此, 曼彻斯特大学的Danka Jandric等人,在复发性多发性硬化症患者(RRMS)的队列中测试了 "节点压力 "假说,以测试认知障碍患者的FC异常是否和下面几个因素共存:1)网络内空间重叠区域的解剖连接和CBF异常,2)相同的网络,3)来自静止状态网络的远端区域。

他们对102名复发缓解型多发性硬化症患者和27名健康对照者进行了多模态3T磁共振成像和神经心理学测试简易量表的评估。如果多发性硬化症患者在≥2项测试中得分低于对照组平均值≥1.5个标准差(n=55),则被归类为认知障碍,否则为认知保留(cognitively preserved)(n=47)。

通过独立成分分析和静止状态fMRI图像的双重回归来评估功能连接。脑血流图被估计,解剖学连接性是用解剖学连接图和扩散加权MRI的各向异性评估的。

脑血流和解剖连接的变化是在静止状态网络中评估的,这些网络显示了认知障碍的MS患者的功能连接异常。

他们发现:相对于认知受损的多发性硬化症患者,认知受损的多发性硬化症患者前部和后部默认模式网络的功能连接性明显下降,右侧和左侧额叶网络的功能连接性明显增加(TFCE校正后的P≤0.05,双侧的)。

显示功能异常的网络,在局部和远端显示出脑血流和解剖学连接的改变,但在重叠的地方没有。

这个研究的重要意义在于发现了:FC异常伴随着局部脑血流和结构连接的异常,但也证明这些影响并不完全发生在同一位置。多发性硬化症的脑网络功能连接的改变可能有一个共同的病理机制。


原文出处:
Jandric D, Lipp I, Paling D, et al. Mechanisms of Network Changes in Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis. Neurology. Published online October 14, 2021:10.1212/WNL.0000000000012834. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000012834

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    2021-12-23 jml2009
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    2022-03-27 yinhl1978
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Lancet Neurol:耐受性差,疗效阴性——不推荐贝沙罗汀治疗复发缓解型多发性硬化症(CCMR ONE)

研究不推荐使用贝沙罗汀治疗多发性硬化症患者,因为它的耐受性差,主要疗效结果为阴性。

拓展阅读

腿不听使唤,并不是太累了,医生:80%的患者会瘫痪

30 岁白领小玲确诊多发性硬化病,该病多发于 20-40 岁女性,症状多样,包括肢体无力等,诊断需综合多方面,治疗分急性期和缓解期,目前无法完全治愈。

【热点解读】2023 AFSEP建议:癌症和多发性硬化

多发性硬化症(MS)是一种慢性脱髓鞘和中枢神经系统(CNS)的神经退行性疾病。50岁以上的人群更容易患癌症,频繁使用免疫抑制药物可能会增加这种风险。因此,人们开始关注PwMS可能增加的癌症风险,以及如

Brain:维生素 D 不会降低临床孤立综合征后多发性硬化症的疾病活动性

本研究没有发现在高风险临床孤立综合征后补充维生素 D3 可降低多发性硬化症的疾病活动性。

Annals of neurology:年轻/老年多发性硬化症患者的病理、临床和人口特征比较

老年多发性硬化症的进展性较强,与神经变性显著但炎症性脱髓鞘不常见有关。

NNN:补体激活与多发性硬化症的病情严重程度有关

CIS/MS中经典补体和替代补体途径的中枢神经激活增加,并与鞘内IgM的产生有关。

JNNP:多发性硬化症疾病修饰疗法治疗后的认知处理速度和身体残疾轨迹

在这组积极接受治疗的 RRMS 患者中,患者的处理速度在 DMT 开始后的数年内保持稳定,而中度肢体残疾患者的肢体功能却在恶化。

2024 NICE 技术鉴定指南:那他珠单抗用于治疗成人高活性复发缓解型多发性硬化症 [TA127]

英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所(NICE,National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence) · 2024-05-21

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