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J Clin Med:青少年多囊卵巢综合征的相关激素水平及诊断特点分析

2021-04-16 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的临床表现多样,尤其是在青春期。同时,青春期PCOS的诊断标准仍在讨论中,抗缪勒氏管激素范围、高雄激素等激素参数也未确定。近日,一项本研究病例对照研究探究了青少年PCOS的关

多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的临床表现多样,尤其是在青春期。同时,青春期PCOS的诊断标准仍在讨论中,抗缪勒氏管激素范围、高雄激素等激素参数也未确定。近日,一项本研究病例对照研究探究了青少年PCOS的关键临床和激素特征,并建立了最基本激素参数的年龄特异性阈值,研究结果已发表于 J Clin Med。

研究纳入130名PCOS女孩,年龄在15~17岁,对照组为30名同龄月经周期规律的健康女性。研究人员进行了完整的临床和实验室检查、激素测定和盆腔器官的超声检查。分析了血清中抗缪勒氏管激素(AMH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、LH/FSH、催乳素、雌二醇、17α-OH孕酮(17α-OHP)、雄烯二酮、睾酮(T)、硫酸脱氢表雄酮(DHEAS)、性激素结合球蛋白(SHBG)、瘦素、游离雄激素指数(FAI)。采用logistic回归模型,计算受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC),建立了AMH、FAI、LH/FSH、T和雄烯二酮水平在预测青少年PCOS方面的诊断准确性。

 

结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组患者血清中LH(9.0(5.4-13.8)vs.3.7(2.5-4.7)IU/L;P <0.0001)、LH/FSH(1.6(1.0-2.3)vs 0. 7 (0.5-1.1); p < 0.0001)、17α-OHP (4.1 (3.2-5.1) vs. 3.4 (2.7-3.8) nmol/L; p = 0.0071)、皮质醇(464. 0 ± 147.6 vs. 284.0 ± 129.7 nmol/L;p <0.0001)、催乳素(266.0(175.0-405.0) vs. 189.0(142.0-269.0)mIU/L;p = 0.0141)、T(1.9(1.2-2.5) vs. 0.8(0.7-1.1)nmol/L;p <0.0001)、雄烯二酮(15. 8(11.6-23.2)vs.8.3(6.5-10.8)ng/mL;p <0.0001)、AMH(9.5(7.5-14.9)vs.5.8(3.8-6.9)ng/mL;p <0. 0001)、FAI(5.5(2.8-7.0)vs.1.6(1.1-2.3);p <0.0001)、SHBG(37.0(24.7-55.5)vs.52.9(39.0-67. 6)nmol/L;p = 0.0136)、DHEAS(6.8 ± 3.2 vs 5.1 ± 1.5 μmol/L;p = 0.0039)和瘦素(38.7 ± 27.1 vs 23.7 ± 14.0 ng/mL;p = 0.0178)的水平发生显著变化。

 

对青少年PCOS患者中所有研究过的激素和其它参数进行多变量分析:AMH水平>7.20 ng/mL,FAI>2.75,雄烯二酮>11.45 ng/mL,总T>1.15 nmol/L,LH/FSH比值>1.23,各卵巢体积>10.70 cm3(各标准敏感性≥75.0-93.0%,特异性≥83.0-93.0%)。综合使用任一4项检测指标,PCOS测定的诊断准确率为90.2-91.6%,明显高于单独使用各指标。当logistic回归函数值[85.73-(1.73×AMH)-(0.12×Leptin)]小于70.72时,使用AMH和瘦素浓度诊断的PCOS准确率达到92%。

综上所述,该研究结果估算出AMH、FAI、雄烯二酮、睾酮、LH/FSH、卵巢体积的阈值,可建议用于青少年PCOS诊断,具有较高的敏感性和特异性。此外,将这四项测定指标中的任何一项结合起来,都能提高青少年PCOS检测的诊断准确性。

 

原始出处:

 

Elena Khashchenko, et al., The Relevant Hormonal Levels and Diagnostic Features of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescents. J Clin Med. 2020 Jun 11;9(6):1831. doi: 10.3390/jcm9061831.

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